Protected spaces

• They are of surface important by comparison with other Protected spaces;
• article 1 of the Law of April 14th, 2006 relating to the National parks defines the National parks and specifies their priority mission, mission of protection of the natural environment;
• space Organization: " zone centrale" (objective of maximum protection of the natural heritage) and " surface périphérique" (orientation of protection, development and sustainable development);
• the National park are administrative public corporations made up of a Director named by the State, of a Board of directors, a President and a Scientific advice;
• the personnel of the Parks is recruited by national competition.

Natural reserves (RN)

See also: Natural reserve, List of natural reserves of France

• the Natural reserves are small but there are counter-examples (High Savoy);

• There exists about it more than 160 in France;
• They are under the administrative authority of the Prefect for the National Reserves, of the President of the District council for the Regional Reserves, of the President of the territorial collectivity for Corsica;
• the administrative organizations are associations of protection of nature, the natural Academies despaces…
• the personnel of Natural reserves is not recruited by contest as for the National parks, each establishment administrative is responsible for the recruitment of its agents;
• the Reserves are gathered within the standing Conference of Natural reserves, association law 1901 created on June 28th, 1982 which constitutes a network for Natural reserves of France.

Orders of the prefect of Protection of Biotope (APPB)

• the Orders of the prefect of Protection of Biotope apply in an objective of prevention of the disappearance of a protected space of fauna non-domestique
  ou of the not-cultivated flora;
• Articles L.441-1 and L.411- 2, R 411-15 and R.411-17 of the Code of the Environment;
• Circular n°90-95 of July 27th, 1990 relating to the protection of the Biotopes.

Regional natural parks (PNR)

See also: Regional natural park, List of the natural parks of France

• the Regional natural parks have 2 objectives: the local development and the safeguarding of the natural environment;

- To protect the inheritance by a management from the mediums and paysages
- To contribute to the installation of the territoire
- To support economic development, social, cultural and quality vie
- To ensure it the reception, the information and the education of the public
- Réaliser out experimental actions

• It acts here of a contractual policy between the State and the territorial collectivities;
• the administrative organization is in general a public corporation of the territorial collectivities;
• Lastly, the manager team is made up from 15 to 30 people according to the Parks.

Sites of the Academy of Littoral Space and the Lake Shores (CELRL)

• the Conservatoire of the littoral is an administrative public corporation created in 1975;
• It acts of a land policy of land acquisition by amicable agreement, by pre-emption or exceptionally by expropriation with an objective of final protection. The repairing of the littoral and its management is entrusted to the communes, other local government agencies or associations;
• the Academy of the Littoral has a Board of directors made up with parity of elected officials.

Sites of the Regional Academy of Natural spaces (CREN)

• the Regional Academy of Natural spaces is an association law 1901 in charge of the conservation and protection of the remarkable natural sites
• Exemple of the CREN of the Limousin

Registered sites and Classified sites

• “It is established in each department a list of the natural monuments and sites of which conservation or safeguarding present, from the point of view artistic, historical, scientific, legendary or picturesque, an general interest. ” Code of the Environment - Title IV: Sites , Ier Chapter: Registered and classified sites, Section 1: Inventory and classification, Article L. 341 ‑ 1

Domanial biological Reserves (RBD) and forest biological Reserves (RBF)

• Create by the Minister for agriculture during approval or from the modification of forest installation, they receive the agreement of the Minister of environment;
• Spaces of application: Forests concerned with the forest mode of the State and managed for this reason by the National office of the forests according to a particular management for the RBD and the other forests concerned with the forest mode, forests of the communities, for the RBF;
• They have a Board of management open to scientific personalities and naturalists;
• When the objective of protection is well defined, one has a said biological Reserve " dirigée" ;
• When the objective is to leave free course to the spontaneous dynamics of the habitats, one has a said biological Reserve " intégrale".

Natural Zones of Faunistic and Floristic Ecological Interest (Z.N.I.E.F.F)

• the Department of the Environment is represented locally by the Regional management of Environment (the DIREN).
• DIREN coordinates the implementation and the actualization of inventory ZNIEFF. However, the local government agencies can also join their work.
• “a ZNIEFF corresponds to the scientific identification of a sector of the particularly interesting national territory on the ecological level in particular because of the balance or the richness of the ecosystems which they constitute, of the presence of plant species or animal rare and threatened. ”
• the ZNIEFF of the type 1 are sites, of surface in general limited, identified and delimited because they contain species or at least a type of habitat of great ecological value, local, regional, national or European.
• the ZNIEFF of the type 2, relate to the great natural units, rich and little modified with important biological potentialities which can include several specific zones of the type 1 and intermediate mediums of less value but having a functional role and an ecological and landscape coherence.

Sites of the Network Natura 2000

• “With the constitution of the Network Natura 2000, Europe launched out in the realization of an ambitious network of ecological sites whose two objectives are: to preserve biological diversity and to develop the natural heritage of our territories. The grid of sites extends on all Europe in order to make coherent this initiative of safeguarding of the species and the natural habitats. ”

Wetlands of international importance

• These zones were created following the " Relative convention at the wetlands of international importance particularly like habitats of the birds of eau"

Notes and references of the article

See too

Related articles

• Natural reserve
• List of natural reserves of France
• List of the natural parks of France
• Protected spaces of the Pyrenees