Protéoglycane
A protéoglycane or protéoglycanne is the combination of a Protéine and a Glycosaminoglycane. Association between the two types of chain is carried out primarily in the Appareil of Golgi, but also on the level of the endoplasmic Réticulum of a cell. The proportion of glucids of the protéoglycanes can reach 95%. Those appearing itself as one or more not ramified chains of glycosaminoglycanes. The protéoglycanes can be either transported outside the cell by Exocytose (being then integrated into the extracellular Matrice in the form of chondroïtine-sulfate , kératane-sulfate , héparane-sulfate etc), or to enter the constitution of the plasmic membrane or the Glycocalyx, then playing a part in the relations cell-matrix.
The protéoglycanes are the essential components of the extracellular matrix. The sugar chains very long but are not ramified. They are O-glycosylés, bind to the amino-acid serine at end OH. They are traps with water.
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