Profession of faith

A profession of faith (of pro ahead and supin fessum of the Latin verb bottle pincers = to carry) are an open and public declaration of a belief and/or a faith. It is individual, contrary to the confession of faith (of cum = with, together and of the same verb to carry ).

Below the confessions of faith characteristic of the Religion S monotheists.

Judaism

At the Jewish , the profession of faith takes the form of the Shema Israel (שמעישראל in Hebrew), “ Shema Israel Hachem Elokenou, Hachem Ekhad ”, quotation of the Deutéronome (6: 4): “Listening Israel, the Eternal is our God, the Eternal is One. ”

He is recited each day, morning and evening; with the bedside of failing; by the young Jew at the time of his Bar Mitzwah. It is reproduced on the Téfiline (phylactères), the pieces of parchment related to the face and the left arm, in accordance with the instructions of the Deutéronome, like in a small roller placed on the lintel of the main door, the Mezouzah.

Christianity

For the Christian , the first profession of Foi is the Kérygme, proclamation of the first Christians. The current professions of faith (also called Creed , “I believe” in Latin, by the catholic ) are:

the Symbol of the apostles
the Symbol of Nicée-Constantinople, which exists in two versions:

the version Eastern, of origin, always used by the orthodoxe and Protestant
the Latin version, used by the catholic , including/understanding the famous Filioque.

Catholicism confuses (not within the meaning of confusion of Esprit but within the meaning of melting together) confession of faith and profession of faith, according to its principle that the doctrines makes the Christian . The confession of faith is made by the Christian at the time of the Baptême, and at the time of each Messe. In the usual vocabulary, the expressions “profession of faith” and “confession of faith” are employed without distinction.

The question of the confession of faith agitates European Protestantisms since the 18th century, on the basis of the principle that it is the grace of God which makes the Christian and not the doctrines. It divides liberal and orthodoxe (i.e. precisely attached to the true confession of the faith). One thus regards as not-confessing any Church which satisfies one or the other of the following principles:

it requires any confession of particular faith of its Pasteur S with their taking up the duties ( recognition of ministry )
it recognizes all the confessions of faith produced by the Christianisme without recommending some no in particular. This case is frequent in the plain Églises.

European Protestantisms write confessions of faith regularly and the date and the range specify some. Those generally fit in the line of the Symbole of the apostles and the oecumenical symbols (Symbole of Nicée, Symbole of Athanase). Among the famous confessions of faith reformed:

the Confession of the La Rochelle,
the confession of faith of Barmen (1934)
the confession of faith of 1873 which opens a Schisme in the Churches reformed in France,
the Déclaration of faith of the reformed Church of France of 1936, on which this Church (the ÉRF) restored (partly) its unit in 1938.

The Pape Jean-Paul II published a Encyclique on the Foi and the Raison on September 14th 1998: Fides and Ratio. It relates to the relations between the Foi and philosophy. It mentions the need for Philosophie S presenting an opening Métaphysique to provide a function of mediation, and stresses the spiritual Substance .

Islam

At the Moslem , the profession of faith, Chahadah (in Arab, “testimony”), is one of the five obligations of the believer, and most important. It consists of two statements:

Ash-hadou year lâ ilâha ill-Allâh , “I attest that there is not an other god that God”
Ash-hadou year Mouhammadan Rasoûl-Oullâh , “I attest that Muhammad is its Prophète”

The Shahada is recited, inter alia, with the ear of the newborn, and with dying. It also forms part of the Adhân , the little marked call before the prayer.

Restricted direction

In a more restricted direction, the profession of faith is:

a catholic ceremony , in the past called “solemn communion”, by which the faithful young person renews the commitments entered into at the time of sound Baptême. It goes back to the 18th century and is particular with the France. It generally takes place in May or at the beginning of June. This ceremony, which does not have any canonical existence, is distinct from the Confirmation, sacrament which confirms (renews) the baptism. As it marks the culminating point and final teaching catechetic and that many young people take then their distances with the Church, the Marty cardinal considered it regrettable that too often “the profession of faith sounds the departure with the retirement of the young Christian”. Some priests oppose even this ceremony, while asserting that the profession of faith is known as each week during the mass. It is despite everything the occasion for the families to meet around a religious event, and for the young catholic, that to receive in gift a bible

Insofar as it represents the entry of the young person in the community of the adults, it is connected with the Jewish Bar Mitzwah . Let us relativize that: the young Bar Mitsvah, if it becomes wire of the law and this fact held with the specific Orthopraxie to its congregation, is also likely to be called with the reading and the comment of the paracha as the ceremony inaugurates it. In the same way, the Confirmation of the young Protestant, if it renews nothing of its baptism, introduces it with adolescence into the community of the adults. He testifies to his satisfaction to be baptized in his childhood, if such is the case, or receives the baptism of the professing ; it then becomes ready to preach as the ceremony inaugurates it. It becomes also voter i.e. it votes in the assemblies where the future of the congregation or the local church decides.

the act by which a monk or a nun pronounces his wishes, temporary or final.

Wide direction

By extension, one calls profession of faith any public statement of a body of doctrines. One can speak about profession of faith of a politician or a party, for example.

In particular, one calls professions of faith the documents carried out by the candidates and envoys for all the voters before a election, accompanied by the ballot papers.

Random links: