Principle of Pascal

Statements

In a Liquide in uniform balance of Density, the pressure is the same one in any point of the Liquide and that as a long time as these points are with the same depth.

From which one draws the fundamental theorem from the Hydrostatique:

In a Liquid in uniform balance of Density, the difference of the pressures in two points is equal to the weight of the column of Liquide having for Section the unit of area and for height the difference in level of the two points.

Any pressure exerted on a liquid is transmitted by him completely and in all the directions.

the difference in pressure between two points located at a depth H ₁ and H ₂ is given by:

$P_2 - P_1=- \ rho G (h_2-h_1) \,$

With $\ rho$ (rho), the Density of the Liquid and G acceleration due to gravity.

One can easily draw the formula from it from the Pression in an unspecified point of the liquid located at a depth h.

$P = P_0 + \ rho G H \,$

With P₀ pressure on the surface of the liquid (Atmospheric pressure if the liquid is with the free air).

If a F_i force is applied to a S_i surface of a confined liquid, it results a F_f force from it applying to a S_f surface such as:

$F_i/S_i = F_f/S_f \,$

the pressure increases according to the depth, this phenomenon is well-known plunger S. To 10 m of depth, the pressure is twice that of the atmosphere to the sea level. It increases by 100 kPa by 10 m. This relates to also the Sous-marin S.
Artesian well, Tower water, stopping,…
bursts It barrel of Pascal, experiment during which it connected a length and fine vertical tube to a barrel filled with water. It then filled the tube and the barrel burst.
the hydraulic presses function according to this principle, thus in a hydraulic press, if one exerts a push of 1 NR on 0,01 m 2 , one could make there correspond a force of 100 NR out of 1 m 2 .

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