Prime Minister of Australia

The station of Prime Minister of Australia (the " Premium Minister off Australia " , usually called " PM " or " Premium ") is in practice most important from its functions of all the political stations in the federation Australia nne.

Except exceptional circumstances, the Prime Minister is the chief of the party or the coalition which in the majority with the " House of Commons " (the " House off Representatives").

Kevin Rudd is current the Prime Minister since November 24th, 2007. He is the 26e Prime Minister of Australia and the chief of the Australian Workers party (Australian Labor Party in English, often shortened in ALP)

Nomination

The Prime Minister is named by the General governor of Australia according to the " section 64" Australian Constitution. This section makes it possible to the general governor to appoint the Ministers who must be members of one of the two rooms of the Australian Parliament or, if they are not it, in becoming member in the three months which follow their designation. These ministers are automatically members of the " Government " (the " Federal Executive Council") and, for the principal ones of them, of the " Cabinet".

The Prime Minister must, like the other ministers, to lend oath in front of the General governor before receiving officially his letter of nomination (" Letters patent"). If it is beaten with an election or if it resigns, he must give it to the General governor. In the event of death or of incapacity, the General governor puts an end to his functions. He can also dislocate a Prime Minister by notifying in writing the end of his load to him.

In spite of the importance of the load, the Constitution does not even mention the function of Prime Minister. The authors of the constitution admitted that the " Conventions of Westminster" are sufficiently known Australian politicians not to have needed to detail the function.

After the resignation or the death of the Prime Minister, the General governor must designate as new Prime Minister, the new chief of the majority party.

However, once, a different scenario took place. In December 1967, Harold Holt chief of the " Liberal Party " a coalition government with small the " directed; Country Party ". The vice-president of the party and his successor envisaged as Prime Minister was William McMahon. The chief of the " Country Party " , John McEwen, occupied the functions of vice Prime Minister. After sudden disappearance at sea, on December 17th, of Harold Holt and the declaration of its probable death on December 19th, McEwen announced that, for reasons which were clean for him and which it did not have to explain, its party would not take part at a coalition government directed by McMahon. The circumstances of the disappearance of Holt and the fact that the body (and will not be) had not found; the fact that the nomination of McMahon would involve the disappearance of the coalition and would destabilize the Parliament, made that it was agreed that the Liberal party would take its time to give itself a new leader. Although the " Country Party" that is to say more the small part of the Parliament, the coalition to which it belonged had the absolute majority of the voices to the House of Commons. The General governor, Lord Casey, thus charged John McEwen with forming a government but this choice was made under the reserve that when the new leader of the " Liberal Party " would be elected, McEwen would resign and would be replaced by the new chief of the party. At the time of this election, later, the liberals did not choose as leader of the party a member of the House of Commons as it was the tradition, but a senator, John Gorton. It was named Prime Minister the January 10th 1968 but had to resign of its station of Senator on February 1st to conquer the seat of vacant deputy left by the death of Harold Holt to the bys-election of February 24th. He was thus Prime Minister in an time interval (February 1st - February 24th) where he did not have any electoral mandate.

In exceptional circumstances, the General governor can name like Prime Minister someone else that the leader of the majority party at the assembly.

It was the case during the creation of the Australian federation, on January 1st 1901 whereas the elections to choose the first members of Parliament took place only at the end of March. In the interval, it was necessary to form a provisional government which is known at present under the name of " Hopetoun Blunder". The General governor of the time, Lord Hopetoun proposed the station with Sir William Lyne, the Prime Minister for the State more populated: the News-Wales-of-South but that Ci was unable to form a government and gave the station proposed to Edmund Barton, which became the first Prime Minister of Australia and this until the first elections… that it gained.
the case " Holt - McEwen - McMahon - Gorton" city above.
the case much more discussed during the constitutional Crisis of 1975 where the leader of the opposition, Malcolm Fraser, was named Prime Minister to replace Gough Whitlam whereas its party did not have majority with the House of Commons.

There was another case, older where a Prime Minister was not member of the Parliament. It is that of Stanley Bruce, Premier minitre of a coalition government " Nationalist Party" - " Country Party" , which led the elections of October 12th, 1929. Not only its coalition was beaten (the elections were gained by the " Labor Party " led by Jim Scullin), but Bruce even was beaten him in Flinders (it was the first time in Australia which a Prime Minister is personally beaten with the elections, the second being the personal defeat of AUD]] (260% of the basic salary of a member of Parliament) ===Avantages=== The Prime Minister profits from a plane, that is to say a " [[Boeing 737]] - 600" , that is to say a " [[Bomber Challenger 600]] " , of the 34 {{E}} squadron of the " Royal Australian Air Force " 'S for its national or international displacements. These planes are equipped with made safe communications, an office, a conference room and rooms. The code name of the plane when the Prime Minister is on board is " The Commonwealth One". It has also the possibility of attending many cultural or sporting events in reserved places. The official residence of the Prime Minister is " The Lodge" with [[Canberra]], but all the Prime Ministers do not use this housing. [[James Scullin]] preferred to live with the Canberra Hotel (maintaining the " Hyatt Hotel"); [[Ben Chifley]] lived with the " Kurrajong Hotel" and [[John Howard]] made " Kirribilli House" with [[Sydney]] its main home. A great proportion of the official expenses of representation of the load are due to the maintenance and the operation of these residences. In June 2007, the businessman and former president of the " Party" liberal; [[Victoria (state)|Victoria]], Michael Kroger, announced that with other Australian business men, called since the group of the " Melbourne Lodgers" , he studied the choice to buy a property with [[Melbourne]] which would be the official residence of the First federal minister when he would be in the city. It was understood that this housing would be placed at the disposal of the Prime Minister whatever his political party. The property more in sight at present for this choice is " Stonnington Mansion" in the district of Toorak. The former Prime Ministers continue to have advantages after the end of their functions: they have of a free, an financial assistance as a material personnel and average office, right to travel free in all Australia when they do not move on business. The former Prime Ministers continue to play a big role in the Australian political life. Most known of them are [[Edmund Barton]] which was named judge with the " High Court" , [[George Reid]] " was named; High Commissioner" (Ambassador) for [[Great Britain]] and [[Arthur Fadden]], " Treasurer" (Minister for Finances") under another Prime Minister. In 2007, there are four former Prime Ministers still in life: [[Gough Whitlam]], [[Malcolm Fraser]], [[Bob Hawke]] and [[Paul Keating]]. The last former Prime Minister deceased is [[John Gorton]] deceased it [[May 19th]] [[2002]]. [[Gough Whitlam]] is oldest of the former Prime Ministers. == Liste of the Prime Ministers of Australia == The table represents the various Prime Ministers of [[Australia|The Commonwealth of Australia]] which followed one another since [[1901]] with the date of their birth, of their entry to the Parliament, their date of nomination at the station of Prime Minister and end of mandate, the date of their exit of the Parliament and possibly of their death. The traditional abbreviations are used for the States: * Wales news of South (NSW); * Victoria (Vic); * Queensland (Qld); * Tasmanie (Heap); * Western Australia (WA). Note: The district of Ballaarat was written with two “has” juqu' in [[1977]]. The party mentioned is that of the membership of the person at the time of her functions. {| border=" 1" cellspacing=" 0" cellpadding=" 5" |----- bgcolor=" #cccccc" ! Number ! Name ! Born {E} ! Nomination ! Party ! District ! Beginning of the mandate of PM ! End of the mandate of PM ! Last mandate of deputy ! Died {E} |----- bgcolor=" #F4E4FF" | 1 || [[Edmund Barton]] || [[January 18th]] [[1849]] | [[March 29th]] [[1901]] || [[Left Protectionist (Australia)|Protectionist]] | Hunter, NSW | {{January 1st}} [[1901]] || [[September 24th]] [[1903]] | resign it [[September 30th]] [[1903]] | [[January 7th]] [[1920]] |----- bgcolor=" #F4E4FF" | 2 || [[Alfred Deakin]] || [[August 3rd]] [[1856]] | [[March 29th]] [[1901]] || [[Left Protectionist (Australia)|Protectionist]] | Ballarat, Vic | [[September 24th]] [[1903]] || [[April 27th]] [[1904]] | (cf will infra.) || (cf will infra.) |----- bgcolor=" #FFE8E8" | 3 || [[Chris Watson]] || [[April 9th]] [[1867]] | [[March 29th]] [[1901]] || [[Australian Workers party|Member of the Labor Party]] | Bland, NSW | [[April 27th]] [[1904]] || [[August 18th]] [[1904]] | resign it [[February 19th]] [[1910]] | [[November 11th]] [[1941]] |----- bgcolor=" #DDFFF4" | 4 || [[George Reid]] || [[February 25th]] [[1845]] | [[March 29th]] [[1901]] || [[Free Trade Party|Free Trade]] | East Sydney, NSW | [[August 18th]] [[1904]] || [[July 5th]] [[1905]] | resign it [[November 24th]] [[1909]] | [[September 13rd]] [[1918]] |----- bgcolor=" #F4E4FF" | - || [[Alfred Deakin]] || (cf supra.) | (cf supra.) || (cf supra.) || (cf supra.) | [[July 5th]] [[1905]] || [[November 13rd]] [[1908]] | (cf will infra.) || (cf will infra.) |----- bgcolor=" #FFE8E8" | 5 || [[Andrew Fisher]] || [[August 29th]] [[1862]] | [[March 29th]] [[1901]] || [[Australian Workers party|Member of the Labor Party]] | Wide Bay, Qld | [[November 13rd]] [[1908]] || [[June 2nd]] [[1909]] | (cf will infra.) || (cf will infra.) |----- bgcolor=" #FFFFDD" | - || [[Alfred Deakin]] || (cf supra.) | (cf supra.) || [[the Liberal Commonwealth Party|Comwlth. Liberal]] | (cf supra.) | [[June 2nd]] [[1909]] || [[April 29th]] [[1910]] | resign it [[April 23rd]] [[1913]] | [[October 7th]] [[1919]] |----- bgcolor=" #FFE8E8" | - || [[Andrew Fisher]] || (cf supra.) | (cf supra.) || (cf supra.) || (cf supra.) | [[April 29th]] [[1910]] || [[June 24th]] [[1913]] | (cf will infra.) || (cf will infra.) |----- bgcolor=" #FFFFDD" | 6 || [[Joseph Cook]] || [[December 7th]] [[1860]] | [[March 29th]] [[1901]] || [[the Liberal Commonwealth Party|Comwlth. Liberal]] | Parramatta, NSW | [[June 24th]] [[1913]] || [[September 17th]] [[1914]] | resign it [[November 11th]] [[1921]] | [[July 30th]] [[1947]] |----- bgcolor=" #FFE8E8" | - || [[Andrew Fisher]] || (cf supra.) | (cf supra.) || (cf supra.) || (cf supra.) | [[September 17th]] [[1914]] || [[October 27th]] [[1915]] | resign it [[October 26th]] [[1915]] | [[October 22nd]] [[1928]] |----- bgcolor=" #FFE8E8" | 7 | [[Billy Hughes]] | [[September 25th]] [[1862]] || [[March 29th]] [[1901]] | [[Australian Workers party|Member of the Labor Party]] | West Sydney, NSW || [[October 27th]] [[1915]] | [[November 14th]] [[1916]] || (cf will infra.) || (cf will infra.) |----- bgcolor=" #DDEEFF" | - | [[Billy Hughes]] | (cf supra.) || (cf supra.) || [[Australian Workers party|Member of the Labor Party]] | (cf supra.) || [[November 14th]] [[1916]] | [[February 17th]] [[1917]] || (cf will infra.) || (cf will infra.) |----- bgcolor=" #DDEEFF" | - | [[Billy Hughes]] | (cf supra.) || (cf supra.) || [[Left national Australia|National party]] | Bendigo, Vic || [[February 17th]] [[1917]] | [[February 9th]] [[1923]] | died it [[October 28th]] [[1952]] || [[October 28th]] [[1952]] |----- bgcolor=" #DDEEFF" | 8 || [[Stanley Bruce]] || [[April 15th]] [[1883]] | [[May 11th]] [[1918]] || [[Left national Australia|National party]] | Flinders, Vic | [[February 9th]] [[1923]] || [[October 22nd]] [[1929]] | resign it [[October 6th]] [[1933]] | [[August 25th]] [[1967]] |----- bgcolor=" #FFE8E8" | 9 || [[James Scullin]] || [[September 18th]] [[1876]] | [[April 13rd]] [[1910]] || [[Australian Workers party|Member of the Labor Party]] | Yarra, Vic | [[October 22nd]] [[1929]] || [[January 6th]] [[1932]] | resign it [[October 31st]] [[1949]] | [[January 28th]] [[1953]] |----- bgcolor=" #DDEEFF" | 10 || [[Joseph Lyons]] || [[September 15th]] [[1879]] | [[October 12th]] [[1929]] || [[United Australia Party|United Australia]] | Wilmot, Heap | [[January 6th]] [[1932]] || [[April 7th]] [[1939]] | died it [[April 7th]] [[1939]] || [[April 7th]] [[1939]] |----- bgcolor=" #DDFFDD" | 11 || [[Earle Page]] || [[August 8th]] [[1880]] | [[December 12th]] [[1919]] || [[Left national Australia|Country]] | Cowper, NSW | [[April 7th]] [[1939]] || [[April 26th]] [[1939]] | beaten it [[December 9th]] [[1961]] || [[December 20th]] [[1961]] |----- bgcolor=" #DDEEFF" | 12 || [[Robert Menzies]] || [[December 20th]] [[1894]] | [[September 15th]] [[1934]] || [[United Australia Party|United Australia]] | Kooyong, Vic | [[April 26th]] [[1939]] || [[August 28th]] [[1941]] | (cf will infra.) || (cf will infra.) |----- bgcolor=" #DDFFDD" | 13 || [[Arthur Fadden]] || [[April 13rd]] [[1895]] | [[December 19th]] [[1936]] || [[Left national Australia|Country]] | Darling Downs, Qld | [[August 28th]] [[1941]] || [[October 7th]] [[1941]] | resign it [[October 14th]] [[1958]] | [[April 21st]] [[1973]] |----- bgcolor=" #FFE8E8" | 14 || [[John Curtin]] || [[August 8th]] [[1885]] | [[November 17th]] [[1928]] || [[Australian Workers party|Member of the Labor Party]] | Fremantle, WA | [[October 7th]] [[1941]] || [[July 5th]] [[1945]] | died it [[July 5th]] [[1945]] || [[July 5th]] [[1945]] |----- bgcolor=" #FFE8E8" | 15 || [[Frank Forde]] || [[July 18th]] [[1890]] | [[December 16th]] [[1922]] || [[Australian Workers party|Member of the Labor Party]] | Capricornia, Qld | [[July 6th]] [[1945]] || [[July 13rd]] [[1945]] | beaten it [[September 28th]] [[1946]] || [[January 28th]] [[1983]] |----- bgcolor=" #FFE8E8" | 16 || [[Ben Chifley]] || [[September 22nd]] [[1885]] | [[November 17th]] [[1928]] || [[Australian Workers party|Member of the Labor Party]] | Macquarie, NSW | [[July 13rd]] [[1945]] || [[December 19th]] [[1949]] | died it [[June 13rd]] [[1951]] || [[June 13rd]] [[1951]] |----- bgcolor=" #DDEEFF" | - || [[Robert Menzies]] || (cf supra.) | (cf supra.) || [[Liberal party of Australia|Liberal]] | (cf supra.) | [[December 19th]] [[1949]] || [[January 26th]] [[1966]] | resign it [[February 17th]] [[1966]] | [[May 15th]] [[1978]] |----- bgcolor=" #DDEEFF" | 17 || [[Harold Holt]] || [[August 5th]] [[1908]] | [[August 17th]] [[1935]] || [[Liberal party of Australia|Liberal]] | Higgins, Vic | [[January 26th]] [[1966]] || [[December 19th]] [[1967]] | supposed dead it [[December 19th]] [[1967]] | [[December 19th]] [[1967]] |----- bgcolor=" #DDFFDD" | 18 || [[John McEwen]] || [[March 29th]] [[1900]] | [[September 15th]] [[1934]] | [[Left national Australia|Country]] | Murray, Vic || [[December 19th]] [[1967]] | [[January 10th]] [[1968]] | resign the {{February 1st}} [[1971]] | [[November 20th]] [[1980]] |----- bgcolor=" #DDEEFF" | 19 || [[John Gorton]] || [[September 9th]] [[1911]] | [[February 22nd]] [[1950]] || [[Liberal party of Australia|Liberal]] | Higgins, Vic | [[January 10th]] [[1968]] || [[March 10th]] [[1971]] | resign it [[November 11th]] [[1975]] | [[May 19th]] [[2002]] |----- bgcolor=" #DDEEFF" | 20 || [[William McMahon]] || [[February 23rd]] [[1908]] | [[December 10th]] [[1949]] || [[Liberal party of Australia|Liberal]] | Lowe, NSW | [[March 10th]] [[1971]] || [[December 5th]] [[1972]] | resign it [[January 4th]] [[1982]] | [[March 31st]] [[1988]] |----- bgcolor=" #FFE8E8" | 21 || [[Gough Whitlam]] || [[July 11th]] [[1916]] | [[November 29th]] [[1952]] || [[Australian Workers party|Member of the Labor Party]] | Werriwa, NSW | [[December 5th]] [[1972]] || [[November 11th]] [[1975]] | dislocated by the Governor-General it [[November 11th]] [[1975]] | - |----- bgcolor=" #DDEEFF" | 22 || [[Malcolm Fraser]] || [[May 21st]] [[1930]] | [[December 10th]] [[1955]] || [[Liberal party of Australia|Liberal]] | Wannon, Vic | [[November 11th]] [[1975]] || [[March 11th]] [[1983]] | resign it [[March 31st]] [[1983]] || - |----- bgcolor=" #FFE8E8" | 23 || [[Bob Hawke]] || [[December 9th]] [[1929]] | [[October 18th]] [[1980]] || [[Australian Workers party|Member of the Labor Party]] | Wills, Vic | [[March 11th]] [[1983]] || [[December 20th]] [[1991]] | resign it [[February 20th]] [[1992]] | - |----- bgcolor=" #FFE8E8" | 24 || [[Paul Keating]] || [[January 18th]] [[1944]] | [[October 25th]] [[1969]] || [[Australian Workers party|Member of the Labor Party]] | Blaxland, NSW | [[December 20th]] [[1991]] || [[March 11th]] [[1996]] | beaten it [[April 23rd]] [[1996]] || - |----- bgcolor=" #DDEEFF" | 25 || [[John Howard]] || [[July 26th]] [[1939]] | [[May 18th]] [[1974]] || [[Liberal party of Australia|Liberal]] | Bennelong, NSW || [[March 11th]] [[1996]] || - [[December 3rd]] [[2007]] | beaten it [[November 24th]] [[2007]] - || - |- bgcolor=#FFE8E8 | 26 || [[Kevin Rudd]] || [[September 21st]] [[1957]]|| || [[Australian Workers party|Member of the Labor Party]] |[[Griffith]], QLD || [[December 3rd]] [[2007]] |} == internal Liens == * [[Australia]] * [[Australian Workers party]] * [[the Liberal Commonwealth Party]] * [[Liberal party of Australia]] * [[national Party of Australia]] {{Multi stringcourse|Political gate|Gate Australia}} [[Category: Policy of Australia]] [[Category: Prime Minister of Australia| ]] [[of: Premierminister (Australian)]] [[in: Precede Minister Australia off]] [[ga: Príomh-surface Na hAstráile]] [[Gd: Priomh-Mhinisteirean Astrailianach]] [[io: Preceded ministri di Australia]] [[id: Perdana Menteri Australia]] [[it: Elenco dei Primi Ministri Australiani]] [[No: List over australske statsministere]] [[pl: Premierzy Australii]] [[simple: Precede Minister Australia off]] [[zh: 澳大利亚总理

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