Pressure reducer

A pressure reducer is a mechanism used to make pass a gas stored in a stage (bottle, accumulator…) with some Pressure, towards a stage where the pressure is lower.

A Détendeur is present in the cycle followed by a fluid, in a Heat pump.

The pressure reducer is generally used in Plongée underwater, it is the mechanism which makes it possible a plunger to breathe the air contained in its Bouteille of diving to the pressure to which it evolves/moves.

Reasons of the use of the pressure reducer in diving

A plunger evolves/moves, within the framework of a sporting diving, with a depth where the environmental pressure varies between 1 and 7 bars (surface - 60 meters) and the bottles of diving contain air (or a mixture of gas: Nitrox) compressed with 200 bar S (either 200 times atmospheric pressure).

A pressure reducer has the aim of bringing back the compressed air to the environmental pressure to be able to breathe it. Indeed the Poumon S are very sensitive to the differences in pressure and can undergo circulatory Lésion S as of 0.25 bar of overpressure, or uplift.

A pressure reducer can be on two floors (standard model) or on a floor (old models). With a pressure reducer on two floors, the air crosses the first stage which lowers the pressure of 200 bars to the environmental pressure plus 8 to 10 bars according to the models. This first stage is fixed directly on the tap in top of the bottle. The air circulates then via a pipe to the second stage which delivers the air with the environmental pressure. This second stage is on the end on the level of the mouth of the plunger. The pressure reducers on a floor directly reduce the pressure of 200 bars to the environmental pressure.

Mechanism

The mechanism of the pressure reducer rests on a set of membranes and springs actuating an air flow. This mechanism is made in such a way that a depression on the side of low pressure is necessary to the opening of the air flow. This depression corresponds to the aspiration of the plunger. The air arrives then at a flow proportional to the depression, which gives, to final, and thanks to the quality of the mechanism, an air decompressed with the environmental pressure.

The air thus distributed is cold, because the gas cools when its pressure decreases. This phenomenon can have serious repercussions within the framework of diving out of very cold water or ambient water is not enough any more to heat the pressure reducer which is then likely to frost.

Bonds

Pressure reducers of Diving of Collection: whole world
NEW FORUM! Pressure reducers of diving of Collection
Operation of the first stage

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