Postgraduate

In the university systems of Anglo-Saxon tradition, the cycle postgraduate (British English) or graduate (American English) indicates, in opposition to Undergraduate , the academic cycle higher continued after obtaining a baccalaureat ( baccalaureate ). This cycle corresponds to the second and third Canadian university cycle.

The diplomas of the cyle postgraduate are certain control S (M.Sc., M.A., M.Phil., M.Rés.) and the doctorate S (ex: Doctor off Philosophy ).

With the difference of the diplomas of the cycle undergraduate , there is no distinction between ordinary dismantles and honors dismantles .

The United States

In the United States, the studies postgraduate are often organized within internal schools at the universities entitled medical school (medical school), business school (business school), law school (school of right) (all three being professional schools , vocational schools) or graduate school (school for graduates) (for sciences and the letters). Medicine, the right and the trade are not taught in a specific way during the cycle undergraduate , the students of the schools professionnelless enter there in general with a baccalaureat are arts (for the right and the trade) or a science baccalaureat (for medicine). This contrasts thus clearly with the French system where the studies of medicine and right starts directly at the beginning of the higher learning. The university system of the United States still remains very close to the Western university system of the Middle Ages with initially the passage by the faculty of arts, then the entry in a higher faculty (right, medicine, theology). For this reason in certain anglophone universities, the diploma making it possible to exert the medicine or the occupation of lawyer is entitled " baccalauréat" , corresponding to the baccalaureat of a higher faculty, and that on the other hand there practically does not exist baccalaureat in administration of the businesses, the business schools, of creation more recent, delivering only controls and doctorates.

The United Kingdom

Ranks of the cycle " post-graduate" are:
  • Diploma and Certificate , they are generally obtained into 6 or 9 months
  • Taught master' S dismantle : Master off Art (MY), Master off Science (MSc), they are obtained following one year of course and the drafting of a report (~10 000 words) Master off Engineering (the USA) (MEng), Master off Technology (the USA) (MTech), M aster off Business Administration (MBA) and Master off Law (LL.M) are generally subject to different rules.
  • Research master' S dismantles : Master off Philosophy (MPhil), it is generally obtained after two years of research and the drafting of a thesis (30 000-40 000 words)
  • Doctoral dismantles : Doctor off Philosophy (PhD), it is obtained following generally 3 or 4 years of research with the drafting of a thesis (70 000-100 000 words) and an oral defense (viva). A student can begin the preparation of a doctorate right after a baccalaureat, or start with the preparation of MPhil then to decide to aim at PhD in the course of road.

In England and in Wales, a certain number of controls are not diplomas of the cycle postgraduate but of the cycle undergraduate ( Master off Engineering , Master off Physics , Master off Mathematics for example) obtained after 4 years of higher learning.

Simple: Postgraduate education

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