Popular democratic republic of Yemen

The popular Democratic republic of Yemen (rear RTL جمهوريةاليمنْالديمقراطيةالشعبية Jumhūriyyat Al-Yaman AD-Dīmuqrāţīyah ash-Sha' bīyah ), so known like Yemen of the south , is a State founded in 1970 and disappeared in 1990, made up of the southern part of current the Yemen. Its capital was Aden.

History

See also: History of Yemen

In 1839, the English Compagnie of the Eastern Indies captures the port of Aden, so that it provides coal to the ship on the way towards the India. The Yemeni city will be controlled by the British Raj until in 1937. This year, Aden becomes the Colonie of Aden. The colony extends until the Hadramaout, which is not managed directly by Aden but which is attached to Aden by a treaty of protection, and which continues to pursue a traditional policy, it is the Protectorat of Aden. The economy of protectorate is largely centered in the town of Aden.

In 1959, it is partly integrated in the Fédération of the Arab emirates of the South, which will become in 1962 the Fédération of Arabia of the South (FAS). Four other protectorates refuse to adhere to the federation and constitute the Protectorat of Arabia of the South (NOT) (State Quaiti de Shihr and Mukalla, State Kathiri de Sai' a, Sultanat Mahri de Qishn and Socotra, Wahidi Bir Ali). The British promise a total Indépendance with the two groups for 1968.

Two nationalist groups, the Face of release of the occupation of the Yemen of the south (FLOYS) and the Face of national release (FLN of Yemen), engage a national liberation struggle against the British. The November 30th 1967, independence is declared and the STEP and the FAS amalgamate and become the Popular republic of the Yemen of the south , with at its head the FLN.

In June 1969, the Marxist branch of the FLN seizes the power and changes the name of the republic into popular Democratic republic of Yemen on February 1st 1970. All the political parties present amalgamate and become the Yemeni Socialist party, from now on only legal party of the Yemen of the south. The country weaves bonds with the Soviet Union, Cuba and the Popular republic of China.

Hundreds of thousands of Moslem Yemenis of the south flee towards north (while a massive emigration of the Christians of Aden starts towards Europe, and of the Yemeni Jews towards Israel).

Reunification

The popular Democratic republic of Yemen is not long in considering a reunification with its neighbor of North, the Arab République of Yemen. The process however is delayed by the political instability which results in multiple coups d'etat, both in Aden and in Sanaa. The tension is with its roof in 1979 when the war bursts between the two States, in the context of the cold war (the Yemen of North being regarded as pro-Westerner, while the Yemen of the south seems to be aligned on the Soviet block). At the time of a meeting to the Kuwait in March 1979, the two Heads of State reaffirm their will of unification, but mistrust remains too strong so that this one succeeds quickly.

In May 1988, the negotiations begin again for the reunification of the country. The République of Yemen is declared the May 22nd 1990. Ali Abdullah Saleh, president of the Arab ex-Republic of Yemen, becomes president of the Republic of Yemen.

From May 21st to July 7th, 1994, the Yemen of the south vainly tried to make secession under the name of " Democratic republic of Yémen" , before falling down under the control of the government of Sanaa.

Policy

detailed Article: Political of the Yemen of the south

The Sole party is the Yemeni Socialist party. The Soviet model is adopted.

Only Aden has a modern legal system, with its Supreme court. Apart from the city, they is the laws of the Sharia and the rules traditional which dominate.

Geography

detailed Article: Geography of Yemen

The Yemen of the south included/understood all the Yemen of the south and the East. It was frontier Saudi Arabia and of Oman.

Religion

Although the Yemen of the south was in its past a populated country of Juifs and Chrétiens, the Yemen of North counted only Musulmans. The character multiconfessionnel of the South, especially in Aden, disappeared when the hard Marxist mode of Yemen has to flee the Jews towards Israel and the Christians towards Europe (of which many Arabic descendants métissés with the former British colonists), whereas the old Moslem Kingdom of North become Arab République reinforced its Islamization and largely accommodated the most enthusiastic Moslems of the South.

The reunification of both Yemen must for much with their Islamization reinforced and the migrations of Moslems of the South towards North. Paradoxically, it is the mode Marxism of the South (which precipitated the war between the two independent countries), which has permi their reunification on ethnic bases and nuns common, since the multiconfessionality of the South was lost.

When the influence of the Marxism goes péricliter (after the fall of the the USSR), a reislamisation of the popular Democratic republic will be led until the two countries amalgamate finally (political mistrust being finished).

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