Policy of the Ivory Coast
Various speakers of the political scene
There exists more than 130 political parties in
Ivory Coast, the last born being the ANCI created in PCF]], it made secession in [[1954]] to approach [[François Mitterrand]] and [[Rene Pleven]]. It was replaced in each country and in Ivory Coast by PDCI GDR since 1960. There thus does not exist any more.
==== PEI ====
[[Ecological Party of the Ivory Coast]] ([http://www.parti-ecologique-ivoirien.org Web site]) is chaired by [[Edmond Edouard Gouan]].
==== PIP ====
[[Party of the Ivory Coast of the people]] is not active any more since at least 1995.
==== PDCI====
[[Image: PDCI logo.PNG|right]]
[[Democratic party of Ivory Coast]], initials PDCI or PDCI-RDA, are the old sole party of [[Felix Houphouët-Boigny]]. This party still plays a big role, and includes/understands in its rows [[Henri Konan Bédié]], president of [[1993]] with [[1999]]. It suspends its participation in the government it [[March 4th]] [[2004]], in dissension with the FPI on nominations at stations - keys in the administration and of the state enterprises (but returns there then). The newspaper nearest to this party is the '' Nouveau Alarm clock ''.
The JPDCI (Youth of the PDCI) is the youth organization militants of the PDCI. Kouadio Konan Bertin (more known under its initial KKB) is the leading one, militant for peace and supporting the action of [[France]].
In the first quarter of the year 2005, four parties formed in Paris the gathering of Houphouétistes for the democracy and Peace [[RHDP]] (PDCI, RDR, UDPCI, MFA).
==== FPI ====
[[Image: Fpilogo.png|right|thumb|logo of the FPI]]
[[Popular front of the Ivory Coast] the] born one in clandestinity by the couple [[Gbagbo]] ([[Laurent Gbagbo]] and [[Simone Gbagbo]]) is the party of [[Mamadou Coulibaly]] president of [[the National Assembly (Ivory Coast)|National Assembly]], of [[Bohoun Bouabré]], [[Hubert Oulaye]], [[Alphonse Douati]]… [[Louis Dacoury Tabley]] was leading at the beginning but passed from it to the RDR then to the PMIC then, several personalities policy are active members there.
The FPI is member of the International Socialist (with [[the Socialist party (France)|French PS]]). The president of the party is [[Pascal Affi Guessan]], former Prime Minister, whose Reporters association without borders denounced the calls to the riot. Its daily press agency is '' [[Our Way]] ''.
The newspaper '' [[Mail of Abidjan]] '' is close to this party.
The youth organization of the FPI is the JFPI.
[[Federation of the students and school of Ivory Coast]] (FESCI) was used as springboard with personalities policy of which Young patriots, near to the FPI, and rebels such as [[Guillaume Soro]].
==== RDR ====
[[Gathering of the republicans of Ivory Coast]] was founded by [[Djéni Kobina]] then taken in hand by [[Alassane Ouattara]], its figurehead. Henriette Diabaté was secretary of the party.
The president of the RDR, Dr. Alassane Dramane Ouattara, in the past Governor of [[BCEAO]], then Prime Minister for the president [[Houphouët-Boigny]] and thereafter assistant general secretary of [[the IMF]], were made ineligible with presidential from 2000 because {{reference necessary|supposed Burkinabe nationality of his/her father}}, fact which deeply worsened the interethnic tensions.
==== PIT ====
[[Image: Pit logo.png|right]]
[[Party of the Ivory Coast of the workers]] is a small part of opposition in 1990, whose candidate [[Francis Wodié]] was the only one not to boycott the elections of 1995. This party joined the majority of the FPI in at the end of 2000.
==== Other parties ====
[[the MFA|Movement of the forces of the future]] (MFA), it [[Union for the democracy and peace in Ivory Coast]] (UDPCI) and it [[democratic Union of Ivory Coast]] (UDCI, of [[Theodore Mel Eg]]) are more secondary parties.
The RJDP (Gathering of the young people for peace) gathers various movements of young associates to the opposition parties, of which the RJR, the JPDCI and the JUDPCI.
=== Movements of the rebelles===
The FNCI (new Forces of Ivory Coast) gather the whole of the rebels, but do not have any statute of political party.
==== PMIC ====
The patriotic Movement of Ivory Coast is the political movement of the " rebelles" of which " Forces nouvelles" rebels are the armed wing. Directed by [[Guillaume Soro]] Kigbafori, resulting from a student trade union near to the FPI and member during a time of the RDR, it also counts in its rows [[Louis Dacoury Tabley]], old directing FPI at the time of its foundation. Although established primarily in north, it counts representatives of all the Ivory Coast. It controls thanks to its 10.000 soldiers (including 450 of the army of the Ivory Coast) 40% of the territory of the Ivory Coast {{necessary reference}}.
The PMIC was born in October 2002, following the failure of an armed uprising of September 19th, 2002. Being based on the concept " of ivoirité" , H.K Bédié had started to set up a policy preferably national and frustrations born of this policy constituted one of the reasons called upon by the rebellion. {{necessary reference}}
==== MPIGO ====
The Popular movement of the Ivory Coast of the Great West is one of the two rebel movements of the west of the Ivory Coast, created to reinforce the rebellious presence with the agreements of Marcoussis. It is rested by the sergeant Felix Doh (in April 2003 death in a ambush), and recruits primarily in [[ethnos group]] [[Liberia|libéro]] - of the Ivory Coast [[Yacouba]]. It has 6 000 armed men, and signed a cease-the-fire on January 8th, 2003. This Movement was melted since 2004 in the PMIC.
==== MJP ====
The Movement for justice and peace is one of the two rebellious parties of the west of the Ivory Coast. It counts approximately 250 combatants directed by the commander Gaspard Déli. Do not exist practically any more since 2004.
=== the Young patriots ===
[[The Alliance of the young patriots for the national start|Young patriots]] are a nationalist movement of youth of the Ivory Coast.
In one [http://www.fidh.org/article.php3?id_article=2079 communicated of November 30th, 2004], it [[FIDH]], International federation of the Human rights, denounces '' the violence of the xenophobe demonstrations of the “young patriots” and the exactions made against the foreign communities installed in Abidjan ''.
July 27th, 2005, in its official statement entitled '' [http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=14551 Brutality, blackmail and vandalism: the “young patriots” make reign the law of predatory in Abidjan] '', [[Reporters_sans_Frontières|Reporters without Frontières]] classified the Young Patriots in his list of predatory of freedom of the press, hoping that one '' day the journalists can finally work without undergoing punitive forwardings of these militiamans ''.
According to their leaders, the Young patriots are against violence and it [[Xenophobia|xenophobia]]. They are tens of thousands. They are directed by [[Charles Blé Goudé]] and support the Head of the State President Laurent Gbagbo. They refuse the French military presence, which is maintained under the terms of the signed agreements of defense on April 24th, 1961 by the Ivory Coast and France, whereas the two countries were '' anxious to materialize the bonds of friendship and of trustful co-operation ''.
=== Role of the army ===
Exceptionally for a African country, the army did not play of important political role before the coup d'etat of [[Robert Guéï]] in December 99. Indeed, Felix Houphouët-Boigny had reduced it to a body of parade, to secure itself against any danger of rebellion.
The lieutenant-colonel Philippe Mangou is him closer to the Young patriots. See also [[Georges Guiai Bi Poin]], colonel of gendarmerie.
=== Trade unions ===
The main trade unions of Ivory Coast are:
* General union of the workers of Ivory Coast (UGTCI);
* the Federation of the autonomous labor unions of Ivory Coast (FESACI);
* the Confederation of the free trade unions of Ivory Coast, known as " Dignité".
* SYNARES founded by [[Francis Romain Wodié]]
* SYNESCI founded by [[Djéni Kobina]]
== Constitution ==
Current Constitution of the Ivory Coast was adopted at the time of [[referendum]] organized by the military junta with the capacity in 2000, by more than 86% of the voters. At that time, all the political parties, of which that of [[Alassane Ouattara]], had invited to vote yes.
Article 35, which lays down the conditions of eligibility to the presidency of the Republic, has '' de facto '' drawn aside some of the principal candidates to the election of 2000, of which Alassanne Ouattara.
The procedure of revision of this article is launched current December 2004. The majority FPI and the opposition parties are always opposed on the way of adoption of this reform, the party in power wanting a referendum (and thus a reunification).
== noxious Atmosphère ==
{{Detailed Article|List breaches of liberty of the press in Ivory Coast}}
Whereas personalities of the more high level of the State are blamed by the report/ratio of UNO on the bloody repression of the manifestation of [[March 25th]], the entourage of [[Laurent Gbagbo]] is blamed by French justice in connection with disappearance it [[April 16th]] 2004, of [[Guy-Andre Kieffer]], Franco-Canadian journalist. Another French journalist, Jean Helene, had been killed it [[October 21st]] by a police officer of the Ivory Coast, Theodore Séri. He was condemned in January 2004 to 17 years of prison. It is the only case of assassination or disappearance of journalist having given place to a serious investigation and a judgment since their multiplication in 2002.
== the scissions ==
Since the come to power of [[Laurent Gbagbo]], one attends scissions within the parties of the opposition, of the new parties were created such as:
* Union of the Socio-democrats
*Rassemblement for the Democracy and Peace (RDP).
*l' Union for the total democracy in Ivory Coast (UDTCI).
*l' Alliance of the Ivory Coast for Republic (AIRD).
*Union republican for democracy (URD)
*Union for the Development and Freedoms (UDL) Chaired by
the charismatic Martial Joseph AHIPEAUD.
Who is Martial Joseph AHIPEAUD?
It was born on June 29th, 1966 in Lakota (Ivory Coast)
''' UNIVERSITY COURSE AND CV '''
Oct. 1998 - Seven 2005
SOAS, University of London
PhD History, International relations
Seven 1994-Juil 1995
Ealing Tertiary London College
First Certificate off English
Oct. 1991-Déc1992
National university of Ivory Coast
Control History
Oct. 1988-Juil 1989
National university of Ivory Coast
Certificate of research in social sciences
Oct. 1985-Sept 1988
National university of Ivory Coast
License of History and Geography
Since 2006
President of the UDL
Union for the Development and Freedoms
Cabinet of consulting the U.K. - Consulting in International Relations and Intermediations
June-September 1998
The Refugee Council the U.K. - Research assistant
He conceives research on the training policies - available employment for the refugees in the great urban area of London. The results of research are placed at the disposal of the department of the Community development.
July 1996 - November 1997
The Newspaper of the French-speaking person - Editor of the Community News
He planned research, the treatment and the publication of all the news of the African community including the populations of anglophone Africa.
June 1993 - July 1994
Ceprass (Abidjan) Research assistant
He receives a training of administrator of research project and deals with the projects financed by the international cooperation in particular the Canadian Agency for International expansion, while taking share with the various projects on the ground.
November 1991 - July 1992
The Federal one - Director of the publication
He creates the newspaper to call on the students. As publication director, it takes care on all the production process, of distribution and control the financial stock management. The newspaper disappears after
many arrests of the journalists during the repression of the Democrats of February 1992.
September 1988 - February 1990
Institute of History, National university - Research assistant Of the pr. Semi-Bi Zan
It deals of the library searches and the investigations into the ground for the pr. Semi-Bi Zan. It takes part in the conference over the centenary of the birth of the De Gaulle General and contributes to it by an article on CFA franc.
April 1990 - September 1993
Student confederation and School of Ivory Coast (FESCI)
General secretary
He founds this organization with friends and takes an active part in the process of opening of the political scene of the Ivory Coast. After the resignation of the first president following the pressures exerted on his parents, Martial Ahipeaud takes the direction which it organizes while mobilizing the students on new topics. He works as well by the direct pressure - by the organization of positive action campaign as by the direct lobbying with the authorities. One of the conquests of the movement is the opening of the other university centres to compensate for that of Cocody which was exceeded.
Presidency of the Republic, Adviser of the President of the Republic
He is responsible for the management of the crisis between the various factions of the students of the FESCI which clashes violently on the campus for the control of the most important youth organization of the country from the point of view of the elections of 2000. He succeeds in bringing back peace on the campus and allowing an end of the year without incidents for the first time since years. This action enabled him to put forward its direction of the critical analysis and positive contradiction while succeeding in bringing back the various protagonists to the most important points of the situation. Its methodology drawn from its ten years of high level political experiment also enabled him to make a success of the negotiations between the teachers and the capacity on the question of their accosting. Thanks to this mediation, the teachers have win. For this period of hard competitions, it however failed on the process of reconciliation between the two main leaders of the opposition. The current location of the Ivory Coast really makes him regret this failure.
Specific technical skills
From the point of view of its political experiment, it is one of the rare young people of its generation to have maintained the extensive relationships to many colleagues in the African French-speaking countries. The drafting of its thesis of doctorate entirely in English is a very important aspect from the point of view of nearby work on the ground. Having cultivated the art of the word by an always professional approach of the extreme questions, it is able to help to achieve the most delicate tasks on the level of the international high authorities.
Aptitudes for administrative management and budgetary
As manager of the men and finances, if not an administrative structure, its philosophy remained the same one: To respect the other, to inspire to him by energy and the initiative while stressing the objective to be reached. In the Tropics, it is more the efficient use of human and financial resources which them quantity which is important. It is for this fundamental reason that since 1990 like first person in charge of the student trade union or advising of the president during the military transition, it could obtain the maximum with the little of means placed at its disposal. The success of the student trade union testifies to his qualities of manager of the men and the means.
Aptitudes for the framing (information, delegation, responsibilisation)
In 1990, it was elected General secretary of the FESCI after the first General secretary was forced to resign following pressures on his family. Martial Ahipeaud seeks before very selecting the best at the strategic stations. Then it leaves the initiative to the office as a group to plan the activities while being vigilant on the effective work of each one. He congratulates the best than he makes promote at more important stations. The result is an organization which, in spite of the current location, remains most important of Africa Francophone in terms of mobilization of human and material resources. Its management of the men a myriad left political officials, administrative and social of national level. As example, the majority of the persons in charge of youth of the political parties of the Ivory Coast current included/understood there even the PDCI- are directly products of the era of its management of the movement.
Aptitudes in communication
Its arrival in the world of the communication was the fact of its academic mentor, Feu Pr Semi-Bi Zan of the National university of Ivory Coast. While giving him for research topic " Démocrate" , the newspaper anticolonialist of the PDCI, it definitively directed it towards the analysis of the contents and the study of the ideologies of the elites. Its thesis in School off Eastern and African Studies (SOAS, University of London) was thus a ballade between research on the communication and the bases of the speech of communication. Thus, not only it has today a control of the speech but also track records in communication which dates of more than fifteen years: journalist (1990-) but so creative of mediae (1991; 2005). It is also without counting its political experiment which led it to be exposed to the diiférents mediae, television, the radio or the written press.
Founder of the online magazine, essoreco.com (www.essoreco.com), it is also able to manage or use the new highways of the communication. This experiment thus enables him to be able to as well communicate at the academic, diplomatic level as popular.
Strategist having a pointed political culture, Martial Ahipeaud developed these fourteen last years an experiment of international level as regards design and application of economic industrial relations policies and, analysis and practitioner of the media and the political discourses. He is capable to adapt to complex situations. Its capacity to anticipate suitable solutions and its academic formation are comparative advantages which enable him to be very quickly an essential part in a team.
*Parti for the unit of the Republic of Ivory Coast (PURCI).
*Rassemblement for peace (RP).
*Mouvement Forces with A future (MFA),
** Forum for the Revival of MFA (FORMFA).
*l' Alliance for a new Ivory Coast (ANCI).
== Voir also ==
* [[Agreements of Marcoussis]]
* [http://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_de_C ôte_d%27Ivoire_du_23_juillet_2000 the constitution of 2000 on Wikisource]
* [http://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Rapport_de_la_Commission_d' enquête_internationale_sur_les_allégations_de_violations_des_droits_de_l' homme_en_Côte_d' Ivory the report/ratio of UNO on the violations of the human rights] in Ivory Coast since 2002, on Wikisource
== external Liens ==
* [http://www.cojep.org/ Site of the Young patriots]
* [http://www.presseci.com/ Site of the pro-governmental press]
{{Africa by topic|Policy}}
{{Gate Ivory Coast}}
[[Category: Policy of the Ivory Coast|*]]
[[in: Politics off Ivory Coast