Policy of Rwanda

The Rwanda is a République multi-partite with presidential regime, where the President is at the same time Head of the State and chief of the government. The executive power is with the hands of the government while the legislative power is shared between the two rooms of the Parliament, Sénat and House of Commons, and the government. The May 5th 1995, the transitory National Assembly adopted a new constitution which included provisions of the constitution of the June 18th 1991 and elements resulting from the Accords of Arusha as well as protocol of November 1994 introducing the multi-partism.

Political context

After its military victory in July 1994, the patriotic Face Rwandan set up a coalition government similar to that of Juvénal Habyarimana in 1992, based on a fundamental law inspired by the Constitution, Agreements of Arusha and political declarations of the various parties. MRND was declared illegal. The first presidential elections is legislative after the war took place respectively in August and September 2003.

Among the main issues to which the government must face appear:

the rehabilitation of more than two million refugees exiled since 1959;
to put an end to the insurrection and against-insurrection among the former servicemen and militiamans Interahamwe and the Rwandan patriotic Armed ;
the management of the incarceration population, which reaches 100 ' 000 prisoners three years after the end of the war;
to set up a development plan in the medium and long term.

Political main issues

Consequences of the genocide

the ethnism, in order to exceed the colonial heritage of the ethnic reading of the company
traumatic and social after-effects of the genocide: widows and orphans, wounded physical and psychic, rehabilitation of the refugees, rehabilitation of genocidary after their sorrow, diasporas Rwandan, etc
the Gacaca and reconciliation between the survivors of the genocide and the part of the population which supported the genocidary ones.

Institutional justice

justice for the crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes of the Rwandan Armed forces of the Habyarimana mode and the Interahamwe militia.
justice for the war crimes and humanity of the Rwandan patriotic army at the time of the reconquest of the country by the FPR and the continuation of genocidary in Rwanda and in ex-Zaire Democratic republic of Congo

Development of the country

the Health and in particular the AIDS and the Malaria
the distribution of the drinking water
the distribution of the agricultural production
the energy sources
the rebuilding of the country and economic development
the brakes of the development which maintain the countries poor in their poverty
the cultural passage to the democracy
the project Horizon 2020 aims at making of Rwanda a platform of services for the areas of the Big lakes

Fight against discriminations

Article 54 of the constitution:
It is interdict with political trainings to be identified with a race, an ethnos group, a tribe, a clan, an area, a sex, a religion or with any other element which can be used as a basis of discrimination.

Political trainings must constantly reflect, in the recruitment of their members, the composition of their managements and in all their operation and their activities, the national unit and the promotion of the “gender”

Executive power

The President is elected for a five years mandate by the universal direct suffrage and names the Prime Minister as well as the Council of Ministers.

Legislative power

The Parliament is composed of two rooms, the House of Commons and the Senate. The House of Commons counts 80 members of which 53 are elected with proportional (with a quorum of 5%) for a five years mandate, 24 elected officials by the provincial councils, 2 by the National council of the young people and 1 by the Federation of associations of handicapped people. The Senate counts 26 members elected or named for a eight years mandate; 12 are elected by the provincial councils, 8 are named by the President to ensure the representation of historically marginalized communities, 4 are elected by Forum from political trainings and 2 by the universities. The former presidents can ask for an additional seat.

External bonds

Rwandan Parliament
Rwandan Institutions
Legal commission and constitutional of Rwanda
Rwanda on the site of the Association of the Courses consitutionnelles
Association Low-Rhine Survival: Democracy in Rwanda?

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