Policy of Martinique

The prefecture of the Overseas department French of the Martinique is Fort-de-France. There exist three Sous-préfecture S: Saint-Pierre, Trinity and the Sailor. Martinique constitutes with the Guadeloupe, located at approximately 150 km more at north, and the Guyana located at the north of South America, the French Départements of America (DFA).

The area of Martinique east one of the seven ultraperipheric areas of the European Union.

A new organization was considered, in which the regional institution and the departmental institution would amalgamate in a single institution. This proposal was disallowed to 50.48% at the time by referendum the December 7th 2003.

Political clouts in presence in Martinique

The political life inhabitant of Martinique is articulated, essentially, around political trainings inhabitants of Martinique and of local federations of the national parties (PS and UMP). Classification below takes account of their positioning compared to the statutory evolution of the island. There are the assimilationnists and departementalists (in favor of the current statute of Overseas department with some installations and adaptations, article 73 of the Constitution), the separatists (favorable to a statutory evolution based on article 74 of the Constitution), and the independence (some are favorable to a transitory statute of autonomy before the ultimate stage independence, it is the case of the MIM and the CNCP).

But the French Constitution specifies in article 72-4 " No change, for whole or part of the one of the communities mentioned with the second subparagraph of article 72-3, of worms the other of the modes envisaged by articles 73 and 74, can intervene without the assent of the voters of the community or the part of interested community being beforehand collected under the conditions envisaged with the following subparagraph ".

Parties assimilationnists and departementalists

The principal defenders of the political ideology assimilationnist in Martinique at the end of XIXe and beginning of the 20th century, are the abolitionist Victor Schoelcher, the republican deputy Ernest Deproge, the senators Vincent Allègre, Henri Lémery and the socialist deputy Joseph Lagrosillière. The Communists inhabitant of Martinique took over between 1920 and 1955 and gave to the assimilation a dimension much more social by associating the popular masses with it. From 1960, the deputies gaullists Small Camille, Victor Sanded, Michel Fox, the senators, Georges Marie-Anne, Edmond Valcin, Roger Read and the president of the General advice Emile Maurice are the most savage defenders of the assimilation in Martinique.

the line assimilationnist and departementalist

  • the federation UMP of Martinique was created in 2006. But it is Camille Petit which it founder of the movement gaullist in Martinique. In 1958, it creates the first federation UNR of the island. Then the UNR will become the UDR in 1968, RPR in 1976 and since 2002 UMP. The President of the federation UMP of Martinique east: Yan Monplaisir, General adviser of Saint-Joseph. The Departmental Operations manager is Holy-Rose Cakin, Maire of Macouba. UMP counts a deputy Alfred Almont, 3 elected officials at the General advice (Holy-Rose Cakin, Yan Monplaisir and Lucien Nolbas) and 3 town halls (Schoelcher, Macouba and Bottom-Saint-Denis).
  • the party " Let us dare To dare ". Founded on February 27th 2000 by Small Pierre (Martinique), Mayor of the Dull-Red. Right-hand side progressist. " Let us dare Oser" count an elected official at the General advice (Jenny Dulys).
  • the Forces inhabitants of Martinique of progress, left the local liberal line founded on August 26th 1998. President: Anicet Turinay, Mayor of the Large-Dull . The FMP count 4 general advisers, 4 regional advisers and 4 town halls.

the left assimilationnist

  • the Socialist party present at Martinique under the Socialist name Federation of Martinique (FSM). In 1901, Joseph Lagrosillière founds the 1st local federation of the Socialist party in Martinique. Leader: Louis-Joseph Manscour, Deputy and mayor of Trinity. The FSM counts 1 deputy (Louis-Joseph Manscour), 1 European deputy (Catherine Néris), 2 general advisers (Frederic Buval and Georges Cléon), 1 regional adviser (Raymond Occolier) and 2 mayors (L.J Manscour and Raymond Occolier).
  • the Revival Martinique (ex Renouveau of Sainte-Marie). Party created in 1982 by Guy Lordinot, the mayor of Sainte-Marie. The Revival counts 1 elected official at the District council (Danielle Déau-Suriam).
  • the M.P.F (Franciscain Popular movement). Its leader is Maurice Antiste, Maire of François. This movement counts 2 elected officials at the General advice (Maurice Antiste and Christiane Bauras).

Other movements claiming social liberalism of left

  • the M.L.M (Liberal Movement Inhabitant of Martinique). This movement was created in 1992 per Philippe Petit, City council man of Ducos.
  • D.S.L (Dynamic Social-Liberal) created on June 14th, 2003. President-founder: Alex Doens.

Parties separatists

The fathers and theorists of autonomy inhabitant of Martinique are incontestably the philosopher Rene Ménil and the writer Aimé Césaire. But it is the deputy Marius Hurard who at the end of the 19th century, founds the first party has to have asserted in his program autonomy for Martinique, the Republican party Progressist or New Party. Then in 1960 the PCM and 1967 PPM launched like word of odre: autonomy for Martinique.

In April 1961 creation in Paris of the F.A.G.A ( Face Antillo-Guianese for Autonomy ) around the inhabitants of Martinique Edouard Glissant, Marcel Manville, Ephraïm Marie-Joseph, of the Guianese Justin Catayée and the inhabitant of Guadeloupe Albert Béville (Paul Niger). In July 1961, dissolution of the F.A.G.A by the De Gaulle general and seized by the booklet “ the Antilles and Guyana per hour of the decolonization ” written by Albert Béville.

At the time of the " Convention of the Dull-Red " , August 16th, 17th and 18th 1971, the parties and organizations separatists signatories of the Meeting, of Guyana, of the Guadeloupe and Martinique, joined together in convention, claim in a final declaration autonomy for the 4 overseas departments.

The " Declaration of Low-Ground " , signed on December 1st, 1999. The Presidents of the three Areas (Guyana, Guadeloupe and Martinique) propose to the President of the Republic and with the Government, an even constitutional legislative modification, aiming at creating a new statute of Area of equipped Overseas with a tax and social mode special for the Guadeloupe, Guyana and Martinique, within the framework of the French Republic on the one hand, and the European Union on the other hand (article 299-2 of the Treaty of Amsterdam).

the parties separatists

  • the Left progressist inhabitant of Martinique. Founded on March 22nd 1958 by Aime Césaire after his resignation of the French Communist party (Letter with Maurice Thorez). Current President: Serge Letchimy, deputy and mayor of Fort de France. The PPM holds 3 town halls of which the chief town Fort-de-France. It counts 1 deputy Serge Letchimy, 5 elected officials at the General advice and 1 elected official at the District council.
  • To build the country Martinique. Founded on October 11th 1998 by Pierre Samot, Mayor of the Lamentin, following a scission with the Communist party Inhabitant of Martinique. To build the Martinique Country counts 3 elected officials at the General advice, 1 elected official at the District council and 1 town hall (Lamentin).
  • the democratic Gathering inhabitant of Martinique. Founded on March 26th 2006 by Claude Lise, President of the General advice and Senator. The RDM counts 3 elected officials at the District council, 4 elected officials at the General advice, 1 European deputy (Madeleine de Grandmaison) and 10 mayors of left are members or related with the RDM.
  • the Communist party Inhabitant of Martinique. Founded September 21st and 22nd 1957 by Léopold Bissol, Rene Ménil, Georges Gratiant and Victor Lamon. But it is the lawyer Jules Monnerot who is the founder in 1919 of the first communist movement in Martinique, " The group Jean Jaurès". The PCM is currently the oldest political party inhabitant of Martinique. The body of the party is the newspaper " Justice" , senior of the press inhabitant of Martinique.

Independence parties

The first independence claim in Martinique goes back to 1962: It is about the business around the " Proclamation of O.J.A.M" (Organization of Youth Anticolonialist of Martinique). The authors of this proclamation are 18 young students Inhabitant of Martinique. They were condemned for attack to the state security and were imprisoned in Fresnes. Then they were discharged after 2 years of lawsuit. The proclamation of the O.J.A.M criticized the departmental statute violently and affirmed that the moment had just released Martinique of the colonial yoke. He also proclaimed the right of the inhabitants of Martinique to direct their own political matters and ended in a slogan shock " Martinique with the martiniquais".

The first independence party of Martinique is created in 1968 by the nationalist writer Guy Cabort-Masson, it acts of the M.N.L.M. (National movement for the Release of Martinique).

The freedom fighters represent since the Nineties a considerable political clout in Martinique. With at their head a charismatic leader, Alfred Marie-Jeanne, they directs the District council with a majority of 28 independence elected officials (MIM-CNCP). There are 6 independence elected officials at the General advice, 2 independence mayors (Garcin Malsa and Lucien Veilleur) and 10 elected officials of the MIM are in the municipal opposition to Fort de France. One also finds an elected official of the MIM, Vincent Duville, in the opposition to the municipal council of River-Salted.

the independence parties

Independence movements claiming Marxism

  • the C.N.C.P (the National council of the Popular Committees) was founded the August 28th 1983. Carry word, Robert SAE - Leader: Marie-Helene Léotin, 2nd vice-president of the District council. The CNCP counts 4 elected officials at the District council (Marie-Helene Léotin, Edmond Mondésir, Josette Massolin and Daniel Nirdé). The CNCP currently manages the District council with the M.I.M in the alliance of the " Patriotes". The newspaper and the radio " ESA Pléré Year Nou Lité" are the bodies of expression of this party.
  • the Socialist Group of Revolution (GRS). Founded in 1972 per Edouard Delépine, Edouard Jean-Elie, Vincent Placoly, Philippe Pierre-Charles and Gilbert Pago. The GRS does not have any elected official in the local assemblies.
  • P.K.L.S (Suffered Kominis louse Lendépandans ek Sosializm) was created on May 22nd, 1984. This movement does not take part in any local election or main road and practical a very radical independantism.

See too

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