Police Film

police Film indicates a cinematographic Genre which generally puts in scene the resolution of a investigation by a Policier or a Détective, by often putting in front of marked manner the roles of criminals or delinquents. Traditionally, it is distinguished from the Film of gangster where the hooligan plays the first part ( Scarface , Bonnie and Clyde ). The kind was popularized starting from the American Cinéma Années 1940, often adopting the esthetics of the Black film.

It is related with other kinds like the Spy film or others which inherited him as the thriller which exploits time and the fear.

French police films

1910 to 1944

The police films between 1910 and 1939 were influenced by the detective novels. The influences were reciprocal, also, because the police films influence also the detective novels. For this period, serial films of Victorin Jasset, like Adventures of Nick Casing for the fims Flash 1908 (influenced by the Pulp (magazine) S American). The other scenario writers of this period were Louis Feuillade (e.g. the Outlaw of 1912), Maurice Tourneur (e.g. the Mystery of the yellow room of 1913), Abel Gance (e.g. Enigma the ten hours of 1915), and Henri Fescourt (e.g. Rouletabille in the actors of 1922).

After 1930, the Silent film becomes sound and speaking and the cinema took new ways. The police films show hollows at night the rain, the sensitive to the cold countryside, a “romanticism of the underworld”, like the Head of a man of 1933 (according to Georges Simenon) by Julien Duvivier. Pierre Chenal had made several films, like the Business Lafargue , the House of the Maltese , the Alibi , and the Last turning . Towards the end of the Years 1930, the police films use the poetic Réalisme and social criticism. (e.g. the day rises of 1939, by Marcel Carné, and the Crime of Mr Lange )

During the Occupation the police films become dark and pessimistic, often with subjects which pretend to move away from the topicality to escape the Censure from the Nazis. Several films were made according to the novels of Georges Simeon, like the Traveller of All Saints' day (1942) by Louis Daquin; Mister the mouse (1943) by Georges Lacombe; the Man of London (1943) by Henri Decoin; Picpus (1943) by Richard Pottier; Cécile died (1944) by Maurice Tourneur; and Cellars of Majestic (1944) by Richard Pottier.

1945 to 1968

Of 1945 with 1954 very few films take as backdrop the period of the Occupation of the Nazis. The authors of the adaptations were always Georges Simenon, Stanislas-Andre Steeman and Pierre Véry. The films quoted as traditional are: Panic , Dédée of Antwerp , a so pretty small beach and Quay of the Goldsmiths . Some films of this period are 120, rue de la parks (1945) by Jacques Daniel-Norman, according to the novel of Léo Malet; certified Copy (1947) by Jean Dréville; Mysterious Doctor Sylvain (1947) by Jean Stelli; Be wary of the blondes (1950) by André Hunebelle; and Diabolic the (1954) by Henri-Georges Clouzot according to the novel of Boileau-Narcejac. The film Mission in Tangier mixture styles of the action films, the black style , and a parodic style rather . Between 1955 and 1960 the Black series bring to the cinema a character black novels: the private (or the Journalist) amateur of bars, women, charmer, and tempting. It is the great time of the films smiling and not very serious which use the parodic joke. Others, as André Cayatte shows the imperfections of the criminal law and the legal system ( Justice is made , We are all of the assassins , the black File …). Adaptations of purely French novels on the medium of the gangsters violent one and perverts, without codes of conduct ( Do not touch with the grisbi , Of the trouble at the men , Bob the flambor …). Simenon were still adapted, as for In the event of misfortune (1958 ) by Claude Autant-Lara and Maigret tightens a trap (1958) by Jean Delannoy.

Between 1960 and 1968, the New wave started. Several police films exceed them: 500000 entries and the style continuous black series. Jean Gabin, Lino Ventura, Jean-Paul Belmondo and Alain Delon were the high-speed motorboats of this période. the young scenario writers of the New wave as François Truffaut wanted to change the cinema. Some films of this period were Breathless (1959), Alphaville , Bande with share (1964), and Pierrot insane the (1965) of Jean-Luc Godard; With double turn (1959), the Tiger is scented with dynamite (1964), the inaccurate Woman and That the animal dies (1968) of Claude Chabrol; the Second Breath (1966) of Jean-Pierre Melville; the bride was in black (1967) of François Truffaut.

1969 to 1988

Between 1969 and 1981, the industrialized countries had structural oil crises and problems. After the brawls of May 1968, the films become more political and protestors ( Z , Solo , Adieu chicken , Nada …), and the films denounce social inequalities like the Racisme, the Corruption and the injustice. Some police films of this period were Solo (1969) of Jean-Pierre Mocky; the Race of hare through the fields (1972) of Rene Clement; Insane to kill (1975) of Yves Boisset; Black series (1978) of Alain Corneau; and Diva (1981) of Jean-Jacques Beineix.

Between 1982 and 1988, the police films became calmer than films of the “revolutionary” period. Nevertheless, there were still films which discuss problems like the Drogue and the Chômage. For this period, different the kinds, like the psychological drama, Black film, or the action films or of espionage tend to mix with police films. Some police films of this period were Stray bullets (1982) of Jean-Louis Comolli; Ruffian (1982) of Jose Giovanni; Mortal excursion (1983) of Claude Miller; Last summer in Tangier (1986) of Alexandre Arcady; and July in September (1988) of Sebastien Japrisot.

Since 1990

At the time of the Years 1990, one saw Nikita (1990) and Leon (1994) of Luc Besson. In 2006 was turned You are police force? of Romuald Beugnon.

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