Política de Burundi

Country of the Greater Antilles, the Dominican Republic occupies approximately two thirds of the island of Hispaniola, in Caribbean Sea, Haiti occupying one the western third of the island. The Spanish is the Official language of this country which counts approximately 9,2 million inhabitants.

Name of the country

The name of Dominican Republic was instituted by the constitution of 1844 which starts as follows: “The deputies of the people of the old Spanish part of the island of Santo Domingo issue… ”. Its origin is in the name of the capital, Saint-Domingue ( Santo Domingo in Spanish), itself drawn from Saint Dominique de Guzmán.

The Dominican Republic does not have short official name. However, there are several semi-official:

  • the “Dominican ” (on the model of the “Argentinian Republic” which gave “Argentina”); this name is not very used in French but one finds more easily his equivalents English “Dominican” and Spanish “Dominicana”;

  • “ Santo Domingo ”, by extension of the name of the capital of the country, since it is the substantive of which “Dominican” drift. This name was however also used in the past to indicate Haiti or the island of Hispaniola;
  • the “ Dominicanie ”, term especially used by the Haitians.

History

See also: History of the Dominican Republic

Contemporary political history: A long transition towards the democracy

Arrived at the capacity the February 23rd 1930 following a coup d'etat, the despot Rafael Leónidas Trujillo Molina reigned without division until its death. It changa the name of the capital of the country (Santo Domingo) in Ciudad Trujillo, was adapted with the benefit of itself and its family the major part of the arable lands. Its mode was marked by repression, the use of torture and the political murder. In 1937, it ordered the massacre of 15.000 Haitians. As of August 1960, the Organization of the American States (OAS) imposed diplomatic sanctions on its opposition estimating that it was accessory in the attempted murder to the president Venezuelan Rómulo Betancourt. The August 3rd 1960, Joaquín Balaguer Ricardo, which since 1935 had been for various reasons with the service of the Trujillo mode, became “constitutional president” marionette with the service of Trujillo. For the benefit of its position within the apparatus of State, it succeeds in seizing the power following the assassination the May 30th 1961 of Trujillo (Fiesta LED chivo). It nevertheless was quickly reversed.

The first free election since nearly forty years carried to the capacity Juan Bosch, chief of the Dominican revolutionary Party (PRD). This one was in its turn reversed by a military coup d'etat. Very quickly the situation became confused, confusion which showed an occupation in April 1965 of the Armed forces of the United States. This confusion is usually comparison with the fact that Bosch was perceived as procastrist.

Balaguer gained the elections of June 1966 and was, under the terms of elections strongly influenced by the political violence of State to the service of a Dictature, re-elected in 1970 and 1974.

In 1978 Woodland Antonio Guzmán Fernández, candidate of the Dominican revolutionary Party (PRD), was elected. It left the place in 1982 with El Salvador Jorge Blanco, also member of the PRD.

Balaguer found a less and less dictatorial capacity following the presidential election of 1986, and was re-elected in 1990 and 1994. This last election with the tight results, with the dires international observers, was sufficiently entâchée of irregularities so that only two years later, the constitution is modified and of new organized elections.

Those led to the election of the candidate of the Party of the release domicaine (PLD; center-right) Leonel Fernandez Reina, 43 years old.

In 2000 it is candidate PRD (member of the international Socialist) Hipólito Mejía Domínguez, opposed, on the one hand, with Danilo Medina, candidate of the PLD - Leonel Fernández which cannot present itself for a second mandate within sight of the constitution - and, on the other hand, in Balaguer, candidate of the Parti Christian social reformist (PRSC; conservative), who reached the capacity. Balaguer, 93 years old, obtained more than 24% of the voices and missed little the possibility of causing a second round.

Balaguer died the July 14th 2002, putting thus fine at its implication in a very long transition towards the democracy.

Hipólito Mejia, candidate after a modification of the constitution enabling him to present itself for a second mandate, loses the presidential election of 2004 to the profit of Leonel Fernández.

With the legislative elections of the May 16th 2006, the PLD, party of Leonel Fernández, obtains to Dominican voters a majority with the Senate and the House of Commons.

Policy

See also: Political of the Dominican Republic

As its name indicates it, this country is a République. All the people of more than 18 years can vote. The married people can vote whatever their age. The police officers and soldiers cannot vote.

The President is elected for a 4 years mandate. The presidential election proceeds every multiple year of four.

The legislative power is exerted by the Senate and the House of Commons. The Senate counts 30 seats and Room 120. The legislative elections are organized every nondivisible even year by four.

Subdivisions

See also: Subdivisions of the Dominican Republic

The Dominican Republic is divided into 31 provinces, plus the capital, Santo Domingo, which occupies the National District.

Geography

See also: Geography of the Dominican Republic

Santo Domingo, the capital, is more the big city. Santiago of los Caballeros is the second plus big city.

The four principal Airport S accessible of many tourists coming from America of North and of Europe are located at Saint-Domingue, Punta Cana, Puerto Plata and with Romana.

Economy

See also: Economy of the Dominican Republic

The economy is mainly dependant on the Agriculture and the Tourisme. Tourism takes an increasing importance since the Années 1990. Tourism represents more than one billion dollar and the sendings of the expatriates, mainly of the the United States, account for 1,5 billion dollar (2000). Tourism and the sendings from abroad constitute both of important sources of currencies.

In 1999, GDP increased by 8,3% and the Inflation reached 5%.

In 2003 and 2004 the country knew, on bottom of various scandal of which that of the bank BANINTER, a financial serious attack leading to a strong devaluation of Peso Dominicain (whose parity from approximately 16 Pesos Dominican for an American dollar with 50 Pesos Dominican for an American dollar passed), an important inflation and a crisis of the debt. This financial crisis was accompanied by a considerable fall of the standard of living of the inhabitants.

The change of administration in continuation of the presidential election of 2004, at the end which the outgoing president was not re-elected, gave again confidence with the international speakers, year 2004 ending in a rebound of Dominican Peso (28,5 Pesos Dominican for an American dollar). In the 2005 and 2006 country joined again with a strong growth, the macroeconomic situation appearing stabilized.

Demography

See also: Demography of the Dominican Republic

The population rises with 8  442  533 (2000).

Approximately half of the inhabitants live in the rural areas, a great part of them are small propiétaires land (2000).

The Haiti ens set up the most important group from abroad. Catholicism is the principal religion.

In 2000, growth rate was of 1,64%, the Birth rate 25,15 births by 1000 inhabitants, the Death rate 4,72 by thousand inhabitants and the Fertility rate was of 3 children per woman.

Much emigrated with the the United States of America since the years 1960, in particular Washington Heights with New York is called the Quisqueya heights.

Culture

See also: Culture of the Dominican Republic

The Tumba, the Bachata and the Merengue are musical styles originating in the Dominican Republic.

The Baseball is a popular sport. The Dominican Republic provides, in front of Japan, the greatest number of foreign players to the professional championship of baseball of the major Ligue of Baseball in the United States.

national Festival: February 27th

The Tabac forms also part of the Dominican culture. More than 50% of the tobacco in Dominican Republic east produced in Villa Gonzalez, small commune of approximately: 30000 inhabitants (2002) located in Cibao, represents of this fact the capital of the Dominican tobacco.

Carnival in Dominican Republic, February 27th.

Many Dominican is downward African slaves, which is until today a shame in the Dominican company. The disparities of richness are very strong and the white are richest by far while the blacks and the mongrels occupy the bottom of the social scale; racism is thus economic and social. The descendants of slaves speak a Spanish slang, while the descendants of colonists speak correct Spanish.

Coding

the Dominican Republic has as codes:

Twinning

See too

External bonds

  • the official Web site in French of the Dominican Republic: www.la-republique-dominicaine.org
  • Practical informations on the Dominican Republic
  • Dominican Republic (english)

Beats-smg: Duomėnė̅kas Respoblėka Be-X-old: ДамініканскаяРэспубліка Simple: Dominican Republic Zh-min-nan: Dominic Kiōng-Ho-kok

Random links:Phosphates | Shine Barragán | Catherine Cormery | Switches of Argentière | Âbataouy