The poaching indicates the Chasse or the illegal fishing.
The reasons of the illegality can be varied:
- hunting or fishing takes place apart from the periods which are reserved to him;
- the animals are on a private field;
- the means used are not authorized;
- the driven out or fished species is protected.
Historical aspects
It was often said that “the poaching is the hunting of poor”. That was particularly true during the time when hunting was reserved (in Europe) to the owners of the grounds (thus with the rich person or the aristocrats): in France, between the the Middle Ages and the 14th century, hunting was a Privilège reserved for the Noblesse. At the 16th century, to kill a stag (royal game) was liable to death. The Nuit of August 4th 1789 saw then the abolition of all the privileges (of which that of hunting).In 1844, the law again instituted a hunting rights reserved to the owner of the ground.
However, at all times, of the authorizations (paid or not) could be allotted by the holder of the right. They were all the more necessary as the small venaison constituted an important proteinic contribution (food) and a source of materials for clothing (fur) in many cultures. It should not be forgotten that hunting was a practice which appeared with the first Chasseurs-cueilleurs.
Topicality
Poaching organized threat a certain number of species. The elephant is tracked for its ivory, the Rhinocéros for the supposed properties of its horn, the tiger for its skin and… its penis (supposed aphrodisiac), the Baleine for its meat, etc Voir threatened Espèce .
In France, the organization which deals with charging the poaching is the ONCFS (National office of Hunting and the Wildlife).
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