In social sciences, the pluralism is a system of political organization who recognizes and accepts the diversity of the opinions and their representatives.

The pluralism is a framework of interaction in which various groups show sufficient respect and of tolerance to coexist and interact in a climate more harmonious than conflict and without will of assimilation.

In religion, it exists there a theology of the religious pluralism which was worked out by the Jesuit Jacques Dupuis and was sanctioned by the congregation for the doctrines of the faith.

In art, the movement of contemporary art ends in pluralism, it is the golden age of the multiplicity, the " Mondrian" isation.

Pluralism is a prospect for analysis which one also finds in several social sciences. The designs of the pluralism which one finds in labor relations come primarily from the political science of the years 1950.

The " term; pluralisme" is of recent use. It is the German philosopher Christian Wolf which would have used it for the first time about 1720. It appears in the French dictionaries only in 1932 however. The pluralist idea, for its part, is already present in ancient Greece. The Polytheism, the multiplicity of the gods, legitimated the variety of the models. The unit in diversity summarizes the pluralist idea well.

Pluralism as principle of social organization is characterized as follows:

1. the permeability of the borders, the valorization of the exchanges, freedom of movement of the people, the ideas, etc
2. a favorable prejudice with regard to the principle of chagement.
3. the company is defined by the reciprocity between the individual initiative and the collective safeguard of the values.
4. the freedom of the individual constitutes the supreme value.
5. the private property constitutes a support essential with the expression of the individual.
6. the Rule of law must be neither too strong, nor too weak.
7. There is acceptance of the persistence of tensions and conflicts.
8. There is a recognition and a respect of the differences.
9. One sees there ideal of a balance of the power struggles.

In the personal plan, pluralism rests on the idea of a plural identity, the pluralism of the " moi" : each individual must conceive himself through a prism which presents it under various facets. Each person has more than one profile. It is this idea that the painters Cubistes will defend, for example, of which Picasso in the highest degree.