Play of the reel

The play of the reel is a play activity observed by Sigmund Freud in 1920, like its theorization.

Introduction

It is usual to start by noting the context: the observation of Freud takes place after the First World War, which will reveal certain human inclinations to him.

Freud thus observes a play: a child is provided with a reel, attached by a string. The child plays to make fall the reel then to bring back it to him. At the same time, he pronounces VOR-Da (" over there - là" , in the idea: " far - près" , or " not there - là" ), and continues according to this design, expressing a certain displeasure.

Interpretation on the level symbolic system

On the level symbolic system - and it should be noticed that the child starts to control the Langage - Freud notes that the child repeats a Traumatisme, in spite of the displeasure which this repetition causes.

The play is connected with the reviviscence of the alternation of presence and absence of the mother. The child revives the arrival of his mother, but also his departure. The scene aims in fact tétée of the mother's milk, first Experience of satisfaction of the child, that the child will live again initially in the Fantasme, or rather in the Hallucination, before this hallucinatory satisfaction is not enough any more, which makes it possible the child to take into account reality and to defer instinctual satisfaction: it is the Principle of reality, which formed until there, with the pleasure principle, the theorization freudienne of instinctual satisfaction.

The repetition of a generating activity of displeasure obliges Freud to modify its theory of the Pulsion. The child repeats an unpleasant traumatism, voluntarily: it thus that it is constrained there (of an interior constraint), is forced which names Compulsion to repeat. This compulsion does not go completely against the search for pleasure: in fact, it is a question of controlling this traumatism, it of adapting, it to symbolize.

Level presymbolic

The immediate constraint returns to a particular type of impulse, the Death instinct, which does not tend simply to sexual satisfaction but rather to the destruction of very tested.

The death instinct (see Thanatos) could be redirected towards others, or integrated into the sexual instinct (formant of the Agressivité), but it initially aims the subject itself.

This interpretation thus returns on a level pre-symbolic system. The death instinct will cause many debates between psychoanalysts.

References

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