Plantagenêt is the nickname of a princely dynasty whose first member is Geoffroy V, count d' Anjou and of Maine (1128-1151) and whose successors reigned on the kingdom of England of 1154 with 1399.

The legend tells that Geoffroy V, known as the Beautiful one, count d' Anjou and of Maine, overlapped in a Moor close to the city of the Mans, when he saw an unicorn with head of woman and vêtue of a gold coat in the middle of a field of brooms. Upset by this appearance, It chooses to make this plant its emblem and to plant some on its grounds, from where the origin of the nickname " Plantagenêt ".

Henri II Plantagenêt (1151-1189) is perhaps most important representing this family. Wire of Geoffroy, it succeeds in the space of ten years, to concentrate between its hands of many territories: in 1154, it dominates the kingdom of England, the Duché of Normandy, the Comté of Anjou, the Comté of Maine, the Comté of Poitou and the Duché of Aquitaine. Some historians call the " unit; the Empire Plantagenêt ".

In the beginning, Plantagenêt are French princes. The first member, Geoffroy V Beautiful the (1128-1151), was born with the Mans, married there with Mathilde the Empress, girl and designated heiress of Henri 1 {{er}} of England and widow of Henri V of Germanic, emperor of the Saint Worsens Romain Germanique, whom she had married at twelve years. Geoffroy V Plantagenêt died in this same city of Mans and rests in the cathedral Saint Julien. This union will not create the Plantagenêt empire immediately. Mathilde is évincée throne of England and Normandy by Etienne of Blois with died of Henri 1st in 1135. Geoffroy will have initially to ensure his continental possessions while repressing with energy of the revolts in Anjou (seat of Montreuil-Bellay 1149-51) and by conducting several campaigns in Normandy from which he proclaims Duc in 1144. He supports Mathilde mollement unloaded in England in 1139 and which will give up the fight in 1148 but not these rights. It is his/her son Henri II which will take advantage of these rights by a voyage in England in 1153 when it constrained Etienne of Blois to recognize it for heir. He is invested throne in 1154. Although from now on king d' Angleterre, Henri II chooses to be buried in the Abbaye of Fontevraud, with the borders of Anjou and Poitou. Richard Lion-hearted (1189-1199), which succeeds his/her father Henri II, rests in this same monastery.

It is starting from the reign of Jean without Ground (1199-1216) that a slip of the heart of the Empire Plantagenêt takes place towards the England. This king indeed loses the Normandy, the Anjou, the Maine and the Poitou in 1204 - 1205 and controls from the island.

After the disastrous reign of Jean without Ground, England is directed by large kings Plantagenêt:

• Henri III (1216-1272)
• Edouard Ier (1272-1307) which puts the hand on the Wales and the Scotland
• Edouard III (1327-1377) which puts at knees the kingdom of France at the beginning of the Guerre One hundred Year old.

In 1399, last king Plantagenêt, Richard II (1377-1399), is reversed and replaced by a cousin, the duke of Lancaster. The Lancaster family is in fact a branch of Plantagenêt.

This nickname of Plantagenêt will have during the English history a very important weight symbolic system: thus, at the 15th century, to take advantage of his rights to the crown, the duke Richard of York takes again the name of Plantagenêt, his son becomes in 1461 the king Edouard IV of England.

After the War of the Two-Pinks and the accession with the throne of the Tudors in 1485 with Henry VII, the name of Plantagenêt disappears. Chalk-lining remains however at Somerset, resulting from Beaufort, them-even resulting from Jean of Ghent, duke of Lancaster. Their current household head is David Somerset, Duc of Beaufort.

Genealogy

Geoffroy '' Plantagenêt '' (1113-1151), count d' Anjou and of Maine X Mathilde of England (1102-1167), Queen of England, girl of Henri I │ and grand-daughter of William the Conqueror │ └─> Henri II Plantagenêt (1133-1189), king d' Angleterre X Aliénor of Aquitaine (1122-1204), duchess of Aquitaine, countess of Poitiers │ ├─> Henri of England (1155-1183), Henri the Young person says Court Mantel" │ ├─> Richard Lion-hearted (1157-1199), king d' Angleterre │ X Berengere de Navarre (apr. 1170-v. 1230) │ ├─> Aliénor of England (1161-1214) │ X Alphonse VIII (1155-1214), king of Castille │ ├─> Geoffroy of England (1158-1186) │ X Constancy of Brittany (v. 1161-1201) │ │ │ └─> Arthur Ier (1186-1203), duke of Brittany │ ├─> Jeanne of England (1165-1199) │ X Raymond VI (1156-1222), count de Toulouse │ └─> Jean without Ground (1166-1216), king d' Angleterre X Isabelle of Angouleme (1186-1246) │ ├─> Henri III (1207-1272), king d' Angleterre │ X Eléonore of Provence (1223-1291) │ │ │ ├─> Edouard Ier (1239-1307), king d' Angleterre │ │ X Éléonore de Castille (1241-1290), countess of Ponthieu │ │ │ │ │ └─> Edouard II (1284-1327), king d' Angleterre │ │ X Isabelle de France (1292-1358), girl of Philippe IV '' Beautiful the '' │ │ │ │ │ └─> Edouard III, Edouard de Windsor (1312-1377), king d' Angleterre │ │ X Philippa de Hainaut (1311-1369) │ │ │ │ │ └─>Édouard, the Prince Noir (1330-1376) │ │ X Jeanne de Kent │ │ │ │ │ └─> Richard II (1357-1400), king d' Angleterre │ │ │ └─> Edmund of Lancaster (1245-1296) │ ├─> Richard de Cornouailles (1209-1272), King of the Romans │ ├─> Jeanne of England │ X Alexandre II of Scotland │ └─> Aliénor of England (1215-1275) X Simon V of Montfort (1209-1265), count de Leicester

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