The place Vendôme is typical traditional town planning French. In its center, the Colonne Vendôme is. It is one of the places of universally famous Paris. It is located in the 1 {{er}} district of Paris. It is in the north of the Jardin of Tileries and in the east of the church of the Madeleine ().

Its architecture is due to Jules Hardouin-Mansart which conceived in 1699 a town-planning strict to which were to conform the owners of the buildings. Most of the frontages is classified historic building. It was called Vendôme place as of the 17th century, of the name of the Hotel of Vendôme which was there. It was in the past the place Louis Large the and, at the origin, the place of the Conquests . One gave him the name of place of the Spades during the Révolution. It was named place Internationale in 1871, during the second Commune of Paris, during which the Vendôme column was destroyed by the communards, who made of it a symbol of tyranny and militarism of Napoleon.

It shelters the ministry for Justice and can indicate it.

History

In 1677, a group of speculators, among whom the architect Jules Hardouin-Mansart, with the first idea of the Vendôme place.

The project of 1685

In 1685, Louvois takes up the idea and buys the hotel of Vendôme and the convent of the Nasturtiums which were in the north of the Rue Saint-Honore. On their site, Jules Hardouin-Mansart and Germain Boffrand propose to build a vast rectangular place, entirely open on the street Saint-Honore and intended to be bordered of vast public buildings: royal library, mint, hotel of the Academies, hotel of the Ambassadors, etc At the bottom of the place, the frontage must be bored of a monumental arcade which will let see the convent of the Nasturtiums, which is rebuilt in the north of the new place in 1688.

The frontages are built (before even the buildings) and in the middle of the place is set up an equestrian statue out of bronze of Louis XIV that Louvois had ordered from François Girardon. The place then takes the Louis-the-Large name of place, which it will keep until the Révolution. The statue, inaugurated in 1699, will be destroyed in 1792.

The project of 1699

In 1699, the public program of 1685 is abandoned with the profit of a private operation. The King sells the ground at the city and the frontages, which had been built for the inauguration, are demolished in order to reduce the influence of the place of a score of meters on each side. The new place will be surrounded by private mansions behind uniform frontages, drawn by Jules Hardouin-Mansart.

Of square plan with sides cut to the angles, it will be closed and only crossed by a North-South way connecting the street Saint-Honore to the gate of the Nasturtiums. Deprived of arcades at the ground floor, in accordance with their vocation of residential buildings, the new buildings are covered with a broken roof whose roof is bored at the origin of an œils-of-ox alternation and attic windows (the œils-of-ox for the majority were replaced by attic windows at the 19th century).

Under the Revolution

Of 1793 with 1799, it took the name of place of the Spades. The August 13rd 1789, the equestrian statue of Louis XIV was broken. After the assassination with the Palais Royal of Louis-Michel Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau (January 20th 1793) which had voted the day before the death of Louis XVI, one charged the painter Jacques-Louis David with organizing a funeral ceremony.

In the middle of the place, Louis-Michel Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau was placed naked and bloody, simply covered with a cloth letting appear his wound, on the base, in a great equipment néo-antique signed Jacques-Louis David.

Later evolution

In 1806, the Rue of Peace is bored with the site of the convent of the Nasturtiums.

The Colonne Vendôme is high in 1810 with the site of the statue (destroyed) of Louis XIV by the architects Jacques Gondouin and Jean-Baptiste Lepère, with the imitation of the Trajane column of Rome, which also comprises a helicoid low-relief. This one, carved by Etienne Bergeret, represents the countryside of 1806.

The column is surmounted by a statue of Napoleon by Antoine-Denis Chaudet, replaced by a counterpart carried out by Auguste Dumont in 1873, when the column, shot down by the communards, was positioned back. Removed under the Restoration, the effigy was restored by Casimir Perier under the Monarchie of July, in April 1831.

Hotels

On the place, are:

  • n° 1: Hotel built in 1723 by Claude-Armand Mollet for Pierre Perrin, secretary of the King. He sheltered the hotel Bristol (today the hotel of Vendôme), where the king Edouard VII went down from the United Kingdom.
  • n° 3: Hotel built by Jacques V Gabriel. Joined together with the n° 5 for the Sultan of Brunei, Hassanal Bolkiah, which made there complete expensive work but never put the feet at it.
  • n°s 4 and 6: The Hotel of the Rhine sheltered where the prince Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte placed, future Napoleon III, when he was president of the Republic.
  • n° 5: Hotel built by Jacques V Gabriel.
  • n° 6: Hotel built by Robert de Cotte.
  • n° 7: Hotel built by Jules Hardouin-Mansart. Of 1720 with 1731, it sheltered the famous dinners of the Club of the Mezzanine , founded in 1720 by the abbot Pierre-Joseph Alary and who joined together every saturday, five hours of the evening at eight hours, in the residence of the president Hénault, a score of participants set on letters and policy. Among accustomed, one notes the marquis d' Argenson, Montesquieu, the marquis de Balleroy, the abbot of Saint-Pierre, the abbot of Bragelonne, the abbot of Pomponne, M {{me}} of Deffand, Mrs. de Luxembourg, Mrs. de Pont of Veyle, Claude-Adrien Helvétius, Mrs. de Rochefort, Mrs. Bernin de Valentinay, marchioness of Used, M {{me}} of Pompadour, Mrs. de Forqualquier, the knight of Ramsay and several gentlemen like the marshal-duke of Coigny, the marshal of Matignon, the marquis of Lassay, the duke of Noirmoutiers, and Saint-Contest. These dinners ended up being prohibited by the king in 1731.
  • n° 8: Hotel Delpech de Chaumot : The batch was allotted in 1705 to Fontanieu, intendant of the Furniture depository, which resold it in 1714 with Paul Delpech de Chaumot, farmer general and general receiver of finances of Auvergne, which made build the hotel by Pierre the Master. Of 1754 with 1766, the hotel was rented with prince de Chimay. In 1771, it entered the family the Furrier of Saint-Fargeau. In 1781, the marquis de Marigny, brother of Madam de Pompadour, rented part of the hotel. Godson, putative father of his wife, Julie Filleul, natural girl of Louis XV, gave himself death to the entry of the hotel after his/her son-in-law had refused to him the loan of an amount of money. It is in this hotel, where it resided, that was brought back before being exposed on the place then taken along to the the Pantheon, the body of Louis-Michel Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, appointed of the nobility partisan of the Révolution, assassinated the January 20th 1793 by the bodyguard Pâris.
  • n° 9: Hotel of Villemaré : Hotel built by Jules Hardouin-Mansart. Shelter since June 2006 the law firm Clifford Chance.
  • n° 10: Hotel of Latour-Maubourg : Asset jointly in 1699 by the financier Nicolas-Jerome Herlaut, General Treasurer of the guards, and Besnier, the batch was allotted to this last at the time of the division, then sold by this one, in 1711, in Urbain Aubert, secretary of the king, general receiver of finances of Caen and president of the room of the accounts of Rouen, which made build the hotel. In 1717, this last was constrained to sell the hotel with Jean Hector de Fay de Latour-Maubourg, general inspector of the infantry and Marshal of France. In 1735, the hotel was rented by the farmer general Claude Dupin. The famous professor Samuel Pozzi lived an apartment of there 1897 to his death in 1918. The n°s 10 and 12 belonged to the financier Urbain Aubert.
  • n° 11: Hotel of Simiane : The piece was acquired in 1699 per Jean de Sauvion, one of the six members of the consortium of financial at the origin of the allotment, but it made bankruptcy in 1701 and the ground was allocated to the King, who allotted it to Jules Hardouin-Mansart in 1703. This one sold it in 1707 to his/her son-in-law, Claude Lebas de Montargis, general treasurer of extraordinary of the wars, which resold it in 1708 for Michel-François Guyhou de Bruslon, figurehead of his/her aunt, Mrs. Poisson de Bourvallais woman of the financier purchaser of the n° 13. It made build for 60.000 books the hotel, which was joined together in 1717 with the n° 13, acquired by the State after the bankruptcy of Bourvallais.
  • n° 12: Baudard Hotel of Saint-James : The batch was acquired in 1699 by financial the Nicolas-Jerome Herlaut and Besnier, at the same time as the n° 10, and was resold in 1700 with Louis Dublineau, Doctor in Sorbonne, prior of Longchamp which built its hotel there. In 1702, it gave of it usufruct to the financier Urbain Aubert and to his wife and the naked-property with the children of those. In 1777, the n° 12 was acquired by Claude Baudard of Saint-James, general treasurer of the Navy, creator of the Saint-James madness to Neuilly-sur-Seine which made carry out the interior decoration by François-Joseph Bélanger and the painter Jean-Jacques Lagrenée (today: large reception room of the Chaumet jeweller). The hotel sheltered the embassy of Russia: it is in one of its modest dependences, on the first floor, that Frederic Chopin died of the turberculose in 1849. The countess Manuela de Montijo and her two Pacca daughters and Eugenia, future Eugenie empress, rented there an apartment in spring 1851. It is there that Napoleon III met his future wife. The building shelters the Chaumet jeweller today.
  • n° 13: Hotel of Bourvallais : Built in 1699 for Joseph-Guillaume of Vieuville and his father-in-law Alexandre Lhuillier, one of financial at the origin of the place. Repurchased in 1706 by the financier Paul Poisson de Bourvallais, model of the Turcaret of Lesage. Large living room of the first stage by Robert de Cotte (1718). Joined together with the n° 11 in 1718 to form the hotel of the Chancellery . It shelters the ministry for Justice today. In 1814, work is carried out by Pierre-Nicolas Bénard to install there the room of the meetings of the Council of State, replaced in 1827 by a dining room pageantry (known as Galerie Peyronnet) built by the architect François-Hippolyte Destailleur.
  • n° 14: Hotel of Fare : Built in 1702 - 1704 by Jacques-Jules Gabriel for his father-in-law Mathurin Besnier, lawyer at the Parliament. Hardly completed, it was sold to the doubtful financier Claude François Paparel whose girl, who married the marquis Philippe Charles of Fare, inherited in 1713 it. In 1716, this one resold it in Louis Nicolas Tellier de Souvré, second wire of Louvois. In 1916, bank J.P. Morgan bought it to the heirs to the countess of Tredern. It is one of most interesting, and also one of most important, since it counts five spans on the place. Large living room created in 1865 for Constant Say, ceiling painted by Paul Baudry.
  • n° 15: Hotel of Gramont : The batch was bought in 1705 per Antoine Bitaut de Vaillé, adviser with the Great Council, figurehead of Jeanne Baillet of the Court, widow of Nicolas Baillet of the Court and acting for the account of his/her Anne daughter. The latter, chambrière in the first doctor of Louis XIV, Daquin, then at Blood Louis, marquis de Livry, married the duke Antoine Charles IV of Gramont which left its name to the hotel. In 1714, John Law was tenant of the hotel. In 1721, the duchess of Gramont, become widowed, sold it Daniel François de Gelas of Neighbor (1686 - 1762), Amber knight and count de Lautrec, who resided at it during 30 years. The same year, the very young king Louis XV assisted to with it large living room of the first stage with the sumptuous procession of the ambassador of Turkey. With the first stage, decoration néo-antique of the end of the 18th century allotted to Joseph Métivier reproducing the skirtings of the Gouthière hotel, Street Pierre-Bullet. Transformed into hotel of travellers in 1897-1898 by the architect Charles Mewès for César Ritz.
  • n° 16: Hôtel Reeves : The piece was acquired (as for the n° 18) by Herlaut, then sold with the contractor Pierre Grandhomme into 1723 who built the hotel. That was sold in 1733 to Barthélémy Moufle of Thuilerie, general treasurer of the Navy, wire of the notary Simon Moufle (and relative of Moufle of Angerville). To its death, the hotel passed to the hands of his/her daughter and of his/her son-in-law, Aymard-Félicien Boffin of Sône, lieutenant-colonel of the soldiers of the gardes-fran1caises. In 1772, it was rented with the Viscount of Noah, mayor and governor of Bordeaux; then in 1778, with the famous doctor Mesmer, inventor of the animal magnetism, which attracts crowd with its miraculous buckets. In 1785, the hotel was acquired by Jean-Pierre de Serres. In 1938, it passed between the hands of a real estate company based in Switzerland.
  • n° 17: Hotel Crozat : The hotel is one of oldest place since it was built before 1703 by Pierre Bullet for the richissime Antoine Crozat, purchaser of the ground as of 1700. This one, which lived there with his wife until in 1738, there contained its famous collection. After the death of Mrs. Crozat in 1742, the hotel was the residence of his/her son, Joseph-Antoine Crozat and of his wife, Catherine Amelot de Gournay. To its death in 1750, the hotel passed to his/her brother, Louis-Antoine Crozat, baron de Thiers, and in his wife, Louise Augustine of Montmorency-Laval, which made alter the building by the architect Pierre Telling of Ivry. This one built in particular a beautiful staircase with double revolution. In 1771, celebrates it collection of tables of Crozat was sold with Catherine II of Russia via Diderot and currently decorates one of the rooms of the museum of the Hermitage with Saint-Pétersbourg. The hotel remained in the descent of the baron de Thiers until in 1787 then it was bought by the farmer general Nicolas Deville, guillotine in 1794. Its hotel was then confiscated. The woman of Deville recovered it in 1799 and rented it in the State which installed there services of the Chancellery until in 1828. It was then sold to the Shickler bankers. It was acquired in 1910 by the Building and loan association of France which rented it with the Ritz hotel. This last became purchaser in 1998 from there.
  • n° 18: Hotel Duchy of the Small towers : The piece was acquired in 1710 by Nicolas-Jerome Herlaut, one of the six financial ones at the origin of the allotment, to increase its hotel of the n° 20. It bequeathed it to Chamillart, minors of its son, the marquis de Cany. Those resold it in 1723 with Guillaume Cressart, syndic of the revenues of the town hall, which made build the hotel that it resold in 1733 with the farmer general Louis Auguste Duché of the Small towers. In 1750, it passed by heritage to his/her daughter, Elisabeth Louise, marchioness of Scépeaux and Beaupréau, which rented it in Paul Randon de Boisset, farmer general then receiver of finances, of which the son († 1776) there accumulated splendid collections of works of Article Of 1868 with 1889, the hotel was rented with the Club of the Eunuch flutes , where the elegant youth of the Second Empire played the comedy. It belongs today to the Chanel house, which restored it in 1997 and installed its division clock industry-jewelry there.
  • n° 19: Hotel of Évreux : The piece was sold in 1700 to Pierre Louis Reich de Pennautier, treasurer of the states of Languedoc and general receiver of the clergy of France. August 5th 1706, this one yielded the ground and its load to its cash clerk, Antoine Crozat, who increased the following year the piece to 3.800 m and made build the hotel by Pierre Bullet to place there his daughter, then old twelve years, and his son-in-law, Henri-Louis of the Tower of Auvergne, count d' Évreux. In 1738, the hotel passed to Louis Antoine Crozat, who gave it in 1752 to his second daughter, married to the marshal of Broglie. It was acquired in 1896 by the Building and loan association of France. It belongs today to the emir of Qatar, Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani. It is one of the most interesting hotels of the place: decoration of the large living room (beginning 18th century), large staircase built between 1747 and 1749 by Pierre Telling of Ivry for the baron de Thiers, wire of Crozat. Claude Nicolas Ledoux accepted there one of its first orders for work of decoration.
  • n° 20: Hotel of Nicolas-Jerome Herlaut, bequeathed by him to Chamillart. In bottom of court, an elegant building of style Louis XVI built in 1907 is - 1908 by the architect Rene Sergent for the brothers Duveen, famous antique dealers, of which it constituted the Parisian store.
  • n° 22: Hotel of Courtonne , then of Ségur : The batch was acquired in 1705 by the financier Alexandre Lhuillier and remained in his family until in 1718, date on which it was sold with John Law which made build a hotel by Jacques V Gabriel. Construction was completed in 1720 and the hotel sold with the countess of Parabère, mistress of the Régent, which made its residence of it. It sold it in 1732 to Nicolas Alexandre de Ségur, govern mortar at the Parliament of Bordeaux. Two years after its death, which has occurred in 1755, his/her four daughters yielded the building to the farmer general François-Pierre de Cluzel, whose son in 1766 with Antoine Bourboulon resold it, lawyer with the Parlement of Paris. It sheltered the Case of discount then passed in 1767 to the farmer general Jean-Baptiste Magon of Balüe. Its descendants sold it in 1795 with the general-count Hulin, ordering pomegranates of the imperial Guard. At the 19th century, it was rented with Isaac Pereire, with prince de Capone, the baron de Gargan, the Large chancellery of the Légion of honor, with the Ville of Paris, the Staff of the imperial Guard under the Second Empire… The jeweller Van Cleef and Arpels settled there in 1906.
  • n° 23: Hotel built by Jacques V Gabriel for the financier John Law.
  • n° 24: Hotel built by German Boffrand.
  • n° 25 : Hotel built by Jacques V Gabriel.
  • n° 26 : In this hotel until in 1893 lived celebrates it countess of Castiglione, in a small tended apartment of black, with the always drawn shutters, where the mirrors were proscribed so that it cannot contemplate on her face the insults of the old age and which it left only at the fallen night. The Boucheron jeweller acquired the whole of the building in 1893 and installed his store there.

The High-jewelry

Many famous jeweller-jewellers elected residence places Vendôme.

Initially the jeweller-jewellers had invested the Rue of Peace following the family Meller when it had settled there with the digging of the street under the First Empire. Prolonging the street of Peace, Vendôme places it was in its invested turn.

The first jeweller who was installed on the place was Frederic Boucheron in 1893. It wished to leave the district of the Palais Royal to settle close to new the Opéra builds by the architect Garnier. It is established in the hotel of the countess of Castiglione.

It will be followed by other jewellers and craftsmen of art, of which: Alfred and Louis Cartier in 1898, Joseph Chaumet in 1902, Mauboussin, Aldebert, Alfred Van Cleef and Solomon Arpels, Rene Boivin, Gianmaria Buccellati, Tecla, Audemars Piguet, Poiray, etc until Alexandre Réza in 1984.

Chanel, which has there also a shop, took as a starting point the octagonal form of the Place for the stoppers of its perfumes.

The Vendôme place with the cinema

External bonds

  • Site of the Committee Vendôme
  • Place-vendome.net, in flash.

Random links:Championship of Finland of male volley ball | Wood | Colonno | Hugues II of Maine | Shirley Cruz Trana

© 2007-2008 speedlook.com; article text available under the terms of GFDL, from fr.wikipedia.org