Pine of Alep
The pine of Alep ( Pinus halepensis ) is a Conifère of the family of the Pinacées. It is the Scottish botanist Philip Miller which gave him this scientific name wrongly, in 1768. Indeed, it is the Pinus brutia which pushes primarily in the area of Alep.
Description
It is a tree which can reach 20 m in height, with the generally tortuous trunk, the bark smooth and gray at the beginning, then thick and crevassée turning to red-brown with the years. The needles fine and flexible and are grouped by two. They measure from 5 to 10 cm length.
The young trees have a rather regular form. Oldest, dismantled at the base, a houppier more dispersed, an irregular and not very dense summit have.
Characteristics
- reproductive Bodies
- Standard of “inflorescence”: cone
- Distribution of the sexes: monoïque
- Standard of pollination: anémogame
- Period of flowering: standard May
- Seed
- of “fructification”: cone
- Mode of dissemination: anémochore
- Habitat and standard distribution
- Habitat: wood Mediterranean sempervirents
- Surface of distribution: Mediterranean
Distribution
This tree is spontaneous on the edges of the the Mediterranean: enough common in North Africa, Spain, and Italy, one also finds it in the east: Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey, Greece, Albania, Croatia, Ukraine etc and was introduced in California. One finds it in France in the Mediterranean region, in lower part of 800 m, in the areas of Garrigue. Judged invading, the pine of Alep is however the only large tree to be pushed easily and naturally in the calcareous and dry rock of the Mediterranean coastline, in full sun and vis-a-vis the spray.In addition to the avifauna, the pine of Alep lodges in particular: the Mulot, the squirrel, the cicada, the Processionary caterpillar of the pine and the Bombyx of the pine.
Properties and uses
The fishermen made use a long time of its crushed bark and pulp, whose tannins reinforced and dyed the nets. Its flexible and hard wood was used for the shoring of the mines, naval construction and the carpentry.The Greeks use his resin to scent the Retsina, a local wine; and the Tunisians scent to them with its pinions. Another typically Tunisian use is the Assidat zgougou, prepared at the time of the Mouled.
References
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