See also: Pilgrim

A pilgrimage is a voyage accomplished by a believer towards a place of devotion, towards a place held for crowned according to its Religion. The word pilgrimage comes from Latin peregrinatio and means voyage or stay abroad abroad.

According to the etymological origins, the pilgrim is the expatriate or exiled. He is everywhere an unknown to the men and private foreigner of the help of a community. The displacement of the men and the women, generally with foot, worms of the places where they come into contact with crowned is a practice which appears in very many cultures until our days. The pilgrimage is a quasi universal phenomenon of the religious anthropology. The pilgrim meets the supernatural one in a precise place where it takes part in a reality other than profane reality.

The pilgrimage is also an important source of revenue for the industry of the Tourisme.

Christianity

Oldest descriptions of Christian pilgrims (and catholics) and of pilgrimage in Holy Land go back to the 4th century.

The principal Christian pilgrimages are:

  • Jerusalem and the Holy Land (Israel and the West Bank)

  • Rome (Italy and the Vatican) - approx. 30 million pilgrims per annum
  • Guadalupe (Mexico) - 10 to 20 million pilgrims per annum.
  • Pilgrimage of Heavy Doors with (France) - approx. 6 million pilgrims per annum.
  • Saint-Jacques-with-Compostelle (Spain) - the maximum number pilgrims made at Compostelle with foot, horse or in the bicycle was of 200.000 in 2004. The number of visitors of Compostelle (pilgrims and tourists) arriving with motorized means ranges between 4 and 8 million according to the years.
  • Fátima (Portugal)

Among the other places of pilgrimage of importance, it there a:

Islam

The pilgrimage with Mecque - the Hajj - is one of the Five pillars of Islam. It should be made at least once in the life of all the Moslems suited. Other pilgrimages as in Jerusalem are advised.

For the Shiite and certain followers of brotherhood sunnite such as the Mourides, the pilgrimages on the Mausolée S are also recommended.

Judaism

Hindouisme

It is several holy necessary of great importance for the Hindu . Some of the latter (in India) include:

  • the Chardham Yatra , the pilgrimage of the sources of Gange and its affluents, to make in the order of importance of the places:

  • the towns of Kumbhamelâ which accommodate the gathering in turn every three years (either a twelve years cycle) because they accepted a drop of Amrita at the time of the Barattage of the milk sea:
  • other Holy Cities

The Hindus believe that to come in these places leads to the Moksha, the release of the cycle of the rebirths, the Saṃsāra.

  • the Bromo, a volcano crowned of the hindouists indonésiens on the island of Java dedicated to Brahmâ

  • the mount Kailash (the residence of Shiva) and the lake Manasarovar, both located at Western Tibet, are two places of pilgrimage very important hindouists.

See also: Holy Cities of India

Buddhism

The Buddhists of the whole world make, if they can it, the visit of the four holy places (concerning the historical facts) related to the life of Gautama Bouddha:

  • Lumbinî, the place of its birth;

  • Bodh-Gaya, the place where it reached the illumination;
  • Sârnâth (in the past Isipathana ), the place where it made its first sermon;
  • Kusinara (now Kusinâgar, India), the place where he died.

the four secondary pilgrimages point out “miraculous” facts; the North-West in south-east: Sâmkâsya (Descent of the Tusita skies), Srâvasti (Large magic Wonder), Vaisâli (Offering of the monkey) and Râjagriha (subjugation of the furious elephant).

The mount Kailash and the lake Manasarovar, both located at Western Tibet, places of pilgrimage hindouist, are also visited by pilgrims Buddhist Tibetans and Bön.

See also: Holy Cities of India

Faith Baha' IE

Bahá' u' lláh, in the Deliver-Mother (Kitáb-i-Aqdas), prescribed the pilgrimage (Hajj) towards two places: the House of Baha' u' llah to Baghdad in Iraq, and the House of the Báb to Shiraz in Iran. In two separated shelves, known under the name of Suriy-i-Hajj, Bahá' u' lláh prescribed specific rites for each one of these pilgrimages. The pilgrimage is recommended for the men and the women who of it are able, but the believers are free to choose between the two destinations, each one being regarded as sufficient. At present, these two places of pilgrimage are inaccessible to the bahá' ís. This pilgrimage is not in any case a pillar of the faith. Other principles are more essential.

Later, Abdu' l-Baha indicated the Tomb of Baha' u' llah to Bahji (the Qibla) like place of pilgrimage (Ziyarat) additional. No specific rite was prescribed for this place. Again, this pilgrimage is not a pillar nor an obligation, but recommends in order to pay homage to the central people: Baha' Ullah and Bab. Much Baha' is does it.

Shintoïsme

  • Mount Fuji, pedestrian meditation and place of pilgrimage in the sanctuaries shintos.

Central America

The concept of the pilgrimage was also found in the Central America pre-Colombian. The important places of pilgrimage are:

  • Teotihuacan (always visited centuries after its buildings had fallen in ruin), said to be the place where the gods met to project the creation of humanity;

  • Chichén Itzá, particularly crowned Cenote, a sand pipe devoted to the god Chac of rain, place of sacrifices;
  • Izamal, devoted to the creative god Itzamna;
  • Cozumel, devoted to Ix Chel, goddess of the moon and the childbirth.

Simple: Pilgrimage

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