Pierre d' Aubusson , born in 1423 with the castle of Monteil (today the Monteil-with-Viscount in the Digs), dead in 1503 with Rhodos, was large Master of the Hospitaliers of Jean Saint of Jerusalem, cardinal and papal legate in Asia. He was called " the shield of Christendom . "
A knight of Rhodos
Pierre d' Aubusson is the fifth wire of Rainaud, lord of Monteil, then Terminal, resulting from the old dynasty of the Viscounts of Aubusson. Information concerning the youth of Pierre d' Aubusson, due to the Father Bouhours (1677), is not credible.Pierre d' Aubusson was allowed in the Ordre of Hospital the S of Jerusalem to the large priory of Bourganeuf in 1444, and probably received as knight the following year with Rhodos where it resided in a quasi permanent way until his death. He carries out in 1456 a mission in France, near the king Charles VII, which he convinces to take part in the defense of Rhodos. The monarch makes him count the sum of 16.000 ecus gold, that Aubusson will use for the purchase of weapons and artillery.
Named commander of Saline (1454), then Baillif of Lureuil (1472), it gains the confidence of large the Master successive, whom it compensates or assists in particular in the work management of fortification of the city, the island of Rhodes and the fortresses of the Dodécanèse. In January Jean-Baptiste Orsini]].
===Le " large siège" ===
In June [[1480]], on the express order of [[Mehmed II|Méhmet II]], conqueror of [[Constantinople]], a Turkish army of 100.000 men puts the seat in front of Rhodos, defended by 350 Hospital reinforced by 500 knights and 2000 men-at-arms from France under the direction of [[Antoine d' Aubusson]], older brother of Pierre. Twice, the Turks fail in their attacks against strong the Saint Nicolas's Day, key of the defense of Rhodos, where Pierre d' Aubusson was locked up with his best knights. [[Image: 159.Port Mandraki.JPG|thumb|305 px|The Mandraki port and strong the Saint Nicolas's Day]] At the time of the third attack against a wall of the Jewish district, to the east of the city, (at the end of July), the Othomans manage to take foot inside the fortifications, but they are pushed back at the end of a fierce combat on both sides. Pierre d' Aubusson largely pays his person, and was wounded with three recoveries. A second Turkish attack is swept by salvos of artillery brought in reinforcement.
[[Othoman]] the S raise the seat from August 15th to 18th after having lost at least 9000 men in the combat and following an epidemic of [[dysentery]].
===L' history of Djem sultan===
Méhmet II dies in May [[1481]]. Its two sons, [[Bayezid II|Bajazet ('' Bayazîd '')]] and [[Djem]] (name which Europeans will deform in " '' Zizim '' ") dispute its succession. Djem is overcome twice. To escape the fate which is promised to him, he asks asylum at Pierre d' Aubusson Rhodos. Receipt like a " hôte" [[July 30th]] [[1482]], it will be in fact treated like an hostage. Pierre d' Aubusson entrusts it to his nephew, [[Guy de Blanchefort]], who succeeded to him the head of the large priory of Auvergne, in order to convoy it in Europe. After having remained in various [[commandery]] S of the languages of Provence and Auvergne, Djem will be claquemuré from [[1486]] in the tower especially built with its intention with the great priory of [[Bourganeuf]], which one since then knows under the name of " Zizim" turn;. Bajazet proposed with the Hospital ones, which accepted it, to pour a pension of 40.000 ducats for " the entretien" of his/her brother (in other words so that it is placed under good guard). Various European sovereigns indeed dispute Djem, which they regard as a means of pressure on Bajazet to contain the expansion of the Ottoman Empire. [[Image: Beyazid II.jpg|thumb|left|100 px|The sultan Bajazet II]]
Negotiations are committed in 1486 in Rome between the agents of Pierre d' Aubusson, the first of which its vice-chancellor, [[Guillaume Caoursin]], and the pope [[Innocent VIII]]. In exchange of the title of cardinal and papal legate in Asia conferred on Pierre d' Aubusson, handing-over of the goods of two recently dissolved military religious orders, and promise of the pope not to intervene more in the nominations with dignities about the Hospital ones, Djem will be given to Innocent VIII. It leaves Bourganeuf it [[November 10th]] [[1488]] and arrives it [[March 13rd]] [[1489]] in Rome where it will have for " résidence" the castle Saint-Angel. Bajazet will make soon propose to the pope [[Alexandre VI|Alexandre VI Borgia]] to make " to deliver Djem of the anguishes of this monde" with the help of the payment of the colossal sum of 300.000 ducats, but the pope will not give any following this " requête".
It is the king of France, [[Charles VIII of France|Charles VIII]], entered to Italy in [[1494]], which will be made entrust Djem for hypothetical a " croisade" against the sultan in Greece. Djem will die in [[Capoue]] in [[1495]] under badly elucidated conditions (the assumption of one [[poisoning]] is moreover far from being established).
From [[1481]], Pierre d' Aubusson had undertaken a reform of the statutes of the Order of which it restores finances, which enabled him to continue work of fortifications of Rhodos and of [[Dodécanèse]]. To counter the expansion of the Ottoman Empire, it did not cease pressing, but in vain, the Western sovereigns to organize a " croisade". It will lead itself jointly a bold forwarding with the Venetian admiral Loredano in [[1501]]. Their attempt will turn short because of the lack of support, even of the defection of the French, the Spaniards and [[the Gênes#Histoire|Génois]].
Pierre d' Aubusson died in Rhodos it [[July 3rd, 1503]]. He was buried in the Midsummer's Day church. Its mausoleum was destroyed at one unspecified time, after the catch of Rhodos by the Turks in [[1523]].
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