Pierre Marie Auguste Broussonet is a Naturaliste and doctor French, born the January 19th 1761 with Montpellier and dead the July 27th 1807 in this same city.
Biography
It is under the influence of his/her father, François Broussonet (1722-1792), doctor and of Antoine Gouan (1733-1821), naturalist, that the Pierre young person discovers and impassions himself for the Natural history. It obtains its title of doctor of medicine with Montpellier in 1779. It presents the same year its first report devoted to the Poisson S.It settles with London in 1780 and meets many scientists as Sir Joseph Banks (1743-1820) which accommodates it in this city, but also Johann Reinhold Forster (1729-1798), Daniel Solander (1733-1782), Alexander Dalrymple (1737-1808), Anders Sparrman (1748-1820), John Sibthorp (1758-1796) and James Edward Smith (1759-1828).
Thanks to the intervention of Sir Banks, Broussonet becomes member of the Royal Society as of 1781. It publishes the first part of a work on the Poisson S, Ichthyologiae Decas I , based on specimens collected at the time of the voyages of James Cook (1728-1779), and which were communicated to him by Sir Banks. Broussonet has as an ambition to describe all fish known at its time, that is to say 1.200 species. Only this first part, dedicated to Banks, is born.
It returns to Paris in August 1782 and brings a foot of Ginkgo biloba , the first imported into France. He herborizes several months in the South of France with Sibthorp and in Catalogne with the abbot Pierre André Pourret (1754-1818).
He settles in Paris where he binds friendship with Rene Desfontaines (1750-1831) and Charles Louis the Heir to Brutelle (1746-1800). Louis Jean-Marie Daubenton (1716-1800) called upon him to become its assistant. Thanks to Daubenton, Broussonet is allowed with the Academy of Science in 1785. It then decides to be devoted to agriculture.
In the sides of Andre Thouin (1746-1824), Louis-Augustin Bosc d' Antic (1759-1828), Aubin-Louis Millin de Grandmaison (1759-1818) and Pierre Willemet (1762-1824), it takes part, in 1787, with the foundation of the first company linnéenne of the world, the Société linnéenne of Paris. They are joined soon by other naturalists. This company is dissolved as of 1789.
He becomes the perpetual secretary of the Société of Agriculture and is elected, in 1789, with the National Assembly. Member of the legislative Parliament, it enters the party of the Girondins and is proscribed with them; he must leave Paris, and after a dangerous voyage, he gains Madrid. All its goods are then seized because he is then regarded as an emigrant. But the community of the French refugees the reception rather badly and it must leave again and, after being last by Lisbon, goes to the Morocco where he becomes doctor with the embassy of the the United States.
It obtains, under the Directoire, the authorization to return in France and, after having refused a seat with new the Institut of France because it prefers to remain close to his, in Montpellier. But, still registered on the list of the emigrants, it cannot exert medicine and its situation is difficult. It finally obtains to be striped of this list in 1797 and then named at a consular station with Mogador (today Essaouira) with the Morocco. He flees the city then devastated by an epidemic of plague: two thirds of the inhabitants succumb.
Charles Louis the Heir to Brutelle (1746-1800) dedicates to him, in 1799, the Broussonetia of the family of the Moraceae.
It is sent then to Ténériffe and there remains until in 1803. He exerts as a police chief of the commercial relations of the French government. In November 1800, he is visited besides by the Expédition Baudin, in particular by André Michaux, which sleeps at his place in the night of the 2 to the 3.
He ends up obtaining a pulpit of Botanique in Montpellier in 1803. In addition to the teaching of botany, it has in load the Botanical garden of the city. It makes appear in 1805, the catalog of the garden under the title of Elenchus plantarum horti botanici monspeliensis . It is at the origin of a true revival of the Botanical garden of Montpellier where it makes build an orangery.
Carl von Linné. It also rendered great services to the Agriculture. Its principal works are: Ichtyologiae decafs preceded , London, 1782; the rural year , calendar with the use of the farmers, Paris, 1787; the Sheet of the Farmer , with Antoine Parmentier, Dubois, etc and a crowd of memories. One owes him the introduction in France of the first herds of Mérinos and goats of Ankara, as well as the discovery of the tree which gives sandaraque Résine. -->
References
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