Pierre-Louis Roederer

Pierre-Louis Roederer , born the February 15th 1754 with Metz, deceased the December 17th 1835 with Wood-Roussel (Bursard, Flowering ash), is a lawyer and Politician French.

Under the Old Mode

Wire of Pierre-Louis Roederer (1711-1789) and Marguerite Gravelotte of Saulcy (1717-1768), it made its studies with the royal College of Metz. It granted its Strasbourg, and obtained its license in 1771. It was accepted the same year lawyer at the Parliament of Metz, occupation which it followed without being liked it. It went in 1775 to Paris with the future member of the constituent National Assembly of 1789 - 1791 Emmery to plead the cause of the Parliament of Metz.

He married on October 28th 1777 with Francfort-sur-le-Main Eve Régine Louise Walburge de Guaïta.

In 1780, it bought a responsibility of advising at the Parliament of Metz, paid 32000 pounds, compensated 33413 pounds in 1791 which were invested in the purchase of national goods.

French popularizer of the British economist Adam Smith, he was member of the Société of Philathènes and the Académie of Metz (1782).

In 1783, it addressed a request of Master of requests who was refused because Roederer had only two of the three degrees of necessary nobility. In 1784 - 1785, with Paris to plead the cause of the company of Saint-Quirin against that of Saint-Gobain, it met there future members of the constituent National Assembly of 1789-1791: the knight of Boufflers and Dupont de Nemours, the prince of Beauvau, Condorcet, Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier, Christian Guillaume de Lamoignon de Malesherbes, the abbot Andre Morellet and Turgot.

Prince de Beauvau introduced it in November 1788 at the “Company of the Thirty. ”

April 23rd 1789, it counteracted the somewhat irregular election of Pierre Maujean, main alderman of Metz, chief of police force, chair of the three orders, prosecutor syndic of the provincial Parliament, with the delegation with the General states by publishing “ Observations on the election of alleged appointed town of Metz ”.

He was elected on October 26th 1789, to replace Maujean whose election had been cancelled, appointed third state of Metz to the General states and the constituent National Assembly, of which he became secretary in 1790 and member of the Committee of Finances. Its name was reproduced on the list of left like one of the “33 columns” of the constituent National Assembly (“credits” par excellence). Member of the Club of 1789, founded on April 12th 1790, it entered to the Jacobins where he became secretary on June 3rd 1790 and chair on August 29th 1791.

In October 1790, Roederer signed a report/ratio submitted in the name of the Committee of the imposition on the personal contribution, with Talleyrand, Fermon, Rochefoucauld, Dachy, Jary, Dupont de Nemours and of Allarde; this report/ratio was included in the laws of the January 13rd and February 18th 1791.

Elected official public prosecutor syndic of the Seine on November 10th 1791), it decided Louis XVI and his family to leave the Tuileries on August 10th 1792 for the National Assembly: “Lord, Your Majesty does not have five minutes to lose; there is safety for it only in the National Assembly”; “Let us go”, answered the king; it was the end of monarchy.

Under Convention

He was done more discrete under the Convention. In 1793, it pronounced a “Course of social organization” to the College, in which it partly included the developments of its work of 1788 ( Of the delegation to the General states ) on the citizenship and in particular the reasons why neither women, neither the children nor the servants could have access to the right of vote. He wrote for the Journal of Paris , from which he became owner; he joined Hugues Maret, future duke of Bassano. He founded a “ Journal of public economy, morals and policy and pled the cause of Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord in August 1795 in a booklet, Of fugitive French and emigrants .

In 1795, it remaria, with Marie Catherine Adélaïde Decrétot.

Under the Directory

31e member resident of the Institute, Roederer was elected on December 14th 1795, in the second class (sciences morals and policies), section of economy. It is as such as it will put at the contest, two years of continuation, the following question: “Which are the institutions suitable to found the morals of people? ” Dissatisfied of the proposals provided however by philosophers of reputation, Jean-Baptiste Say and Destutt de Tracy, it will give up designating a prize winner. He will propose his own interpretation in his Observations on the question suggested by the national institute for subject of the first price of the class of sciences morals and political ”, published in the Journal of public Economy on October 11th 1797.

He was the principal shareholder of the glassmakings of Saint-Quirin. He had in Talleyrand-Périgord to be striped list of the deportees of the republican coup d'etat of the 18 fructidor V (September 4th 1797), under the Directoire.

March 13rd 1798, to a dinner at Talleyrand, it was presented to Napoleon Bonaparte (“I am charmed to make your knowledge; I took the measurement of your talent by reading an article which you wrote against me two years ago”, Bonaparte says to him). Bonaparte used it for the Coup d'etat of the 18 brumaire of year VIII.

Pierre-Louis Roederer prepared the 18 brumaire VIII with Talleyrand, Sieyès, Regnault of Saint-Jean-in Angély and Volney. Talleyrand and Roederer were the two intermediaries which negotiated between Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès and Bonaparte during the dozen days preceding the coup d'etat. The Adresse with Parisian the by which Bonaparte announced the coup d'etat was written by Roederer and was composed by his/her son Antoine Roederer in printing works where Michel count Regnault of Saint-Jean-in Angély had placed. Roederer wrote with Talleyrand the resignation of Paul Viscount of Barred, and negotiated the obliteration of Sieyès to the profit of Charles-François Lebrun, future duke of Pleasure, which on the recommendation of Roederer, which was grateful to him for a help in 1792, was indicated third consul.

Under the Consulate

As of the creation of the Council of State, Roederer was named to advise State and was president of the section of the Interior, of December 25th 1799 at September 14th 1802.

He was ambassador plenipotentiary in Holland and Suisse (January 3rd 1800). January 29th 1801, Talleyrand (name that Napoleon Bonaparte always pronounced “Taillerand”) says to him with solemnity: “The first consul officially gave the responsability me to make you reproaches of his share, and these reproaches, here: he finds bad that for two months you have not spoken to him”.

Bonaparte says still about it: “I believe in Roederer too much activity in the spirit to be a large administrator, and to perhaps even be constant in his affections”.

In 1802, it accepted the “Management of the public spirit”: he became chief of the State education and general inspector of the theaters. Replaced with the Council deprived by Regnault of Saint-Jean-in Angély, it was named senator of Caen; the seat of the senatorery was with Alençon.

It belonged to the 2nd class of the Institute in the organization of 1803 and was elected with armchair 6 of the French Academy.

Roederer (then president of section to the Council of State), friend of Talleyrand-Périgord, then Minister for the Foreign relations, was pilot with the marriage of this last.

November 4th 1804, Bonaparte entrusted to him: “Yourself, Mr Roederer, yourself, you made to me not grace believe itself a little spirit, a small gleam of spirit. (...) You made me not grace agree a little spirit and good sense. Hein? Isn't this, you do not believe me of judgment? (...) I believe you of my friends, you must be about it; but you are a bad head”.

Under the Empire

He was Minister for Finance of the king of Naples, Joseph Bonaparte. Bonaparte did it count of the Empire by letters patent of December 21st 1808.

Sent in 1809 in Spain, he wrote a report/ratio on the second kingdom of Joseph Bonaparte. At the beginning of January 1809, it notes these words of Napoleon Bonaparte: “I have only one passion, that a mistress; it is France: I sleep with it. I missed her forever, she lavish her blood and its treasures to me. (...) I swear that I do not make only for France: I keep in mind only his utility… ”. March 6th 1809, its conversation with Napoleon Bonaparte related to Joseph Bonaparte.

It was named Minister of the Grand Duchy of Berg (of September 23rd, 1810 at 1813), with residence with Paris and 100.000 francs of salary, then prefect of the Aube to Troyes on February 14th 1814, police chief in Strasbourg in 1814. It was then named by the emperor extraordinary in April 1815 police chief in Lyon, with authority on all South-east.

Under the Restoration and the monarchy of July

Under the Restoration, Roederer was excluded from the French Academy in 1816 and became mayor of the Ferté-sous-Jouarre in April 1816.

He was elected member of the Academy of Science morals and political in 1832.

In the beginning of 1835, it published an opuscule entitled Adresse of constitutional with constitutional the , in which it defended the personal prerogatives of the king in the Charte of 1830, pleading even for the possibility for this one of doing without President from the Council. Whereas the opposition denounced, under the ministry for the duke of Trévise, a president of the Council-small joist, placed there by Louis-Philippe for better exerting his personal power, and held up the maxim used by Thiers against Charles X, “the king reigns but does not control”, the work was denounced as inspired at once by the Tuileries, and this more especially as the girl of Roederer had married the general-baron Gourgaud, Assistance-of-camp of the king.

It is true that the demonstration of Roederer was not more convincing. It supported that the king was the only one with being able to lay down the general policy implemented by the government, that it could, for that, to take other councils that those of its ministers, and to lead to their knowledge of the secret negotiations with the foreign powers: “To reign, he, it write is to control and to act, it is to add to the authority of the laws the moral influence. To manage is the fact of the ministers, to control is the fact of the king with one or more of its ministers, to reign is the fact of the king and includes/understands all the relationships to the foreign powers and the fact of adding to the laws the model of the public and private virtues. ”

Portraits and honors

Roederer was represented by David in the Serment of Jeu de Paume, although it was not present there.
Its the most known portrait was drawn by Jean Urbain Guerin and was engraved by Franz-Gabriel Fiesinger.
David of Angers carved in 1833 a bronze medallion with its effigy (Museum David from Angers, in Angers).

Armorial bearings: quartered: to the 1, of count-senator; to the 2, mouths with the head of lion torn off and lampassée of gold (minister); to the 3, of money to the torn off sinople willow (broken weapons of his/her grandfather All Saints' day Gravelotte of Saulcy, lawyer at the Parliament of Metz); with 4, chequered of azure and gold (to advise State).

Roederer was knight (October 2nd, 1803), commander (June 14th, 1804), then large officer of the Légion of honor (December 6th, 1807) - legion of honor which it contributed to create. It was named Pair France (June 2nd, 1815 and October 11th, 1832).

Works

Dialog concerning the hawking of the goods (1783)
In what the prosperity of a country (1787) consists
Of the delegation to the General states (1788)
Mémoires on the administration of the department of Paris (1795)
Of the suitable funerary institutions to a republic (1795)
Of the interest of the committees of Convention (1795)
Mémoires of public economy, morals and policy (2 volumes, 1799)
Of modern philosophy (1799)
Opuscules of literature and of philosophy (3 volumes, 1800-04)
the first and second year of the Consulate of Bonaparte (1802)
Small writings relating to of great writers (1803)
Of the property considered in its relationship with the political rights (1819)
Louis XII (1820)
François Ier (1825)
historical Comedies, of Louis XII with died of Henri IV (3 volumes, 1827-30):

Marguillier of Saint-Eustace (1819)
the Whip of our fathers
the Saint Barthelemy

Consequences of the system of Court established under François Ier (1830)
New bases of election (1830)
Chronic fifty days, from June 20th to August 10th, 1792, written on authentic parts (1832)
the Spirit of the Revolution of 1789 (1831)
Address of constitutional with constitutional the (1835)
Memories to serve the history of the polished company in France (1835)
Works (8 volumes)

; Files The Public records (Ier Worsens, localization and dimension at the Historical center of the public records: 29 AP 10-13, 75) preserve documents (10-13: correspondence in particular with Napoleon, Cambacérès and Locré; 75: file “Council of State - State education” with day orders and convocations, correspondence in particular with Locré, printed opinions of the Council of State, notes, reports/ratios and speech).

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