Pierre-Emile Martin
Pierre-Emile Martin (born in 1824 with Bourges and deceased in 1915 with Fourchambault) is a Engineer and Industrie L French.
One owes him the application of the principle of the recovery of the hot Gaz to the hearth for the fusion of the Acier (1 700°C approximately). This process had been invented by Carl Wilhelm Siemens.
In 1865, thanks to the astute use of the process Siemens, it invented proceeded it of steelmaking on plate, which bears its name, by remelting of steel scrap with addition of cast iron for dilution of the impurities and refining.
Open-hearth steel
One calls the steel Open-hearth that obtained by using his process. These steels contain much less impurities than those which are elaborate with the converter, and their composition is adjusted much better.The development of the process of Pierre-Emile Martin supplemented the discovery of Bessemer and its converter because it made it possible to use scraps (rejects) of steel and cast iron. It made it possible to manufacture steel having the reputation to be of better quality that acid Bessemer steel. On the other hand, its process was longer and the cost prices consequently higher.
Open hearth furnace
Reverberatory furnace heated by gas, with recovery of the heat of smoke according to the Siemens system.
Siemens Martin process (or proceeded Martin-Siemens)
Process of refining of steel on plate, invented by Pierre Martin. It consists of a fusion of a mixture of cast iron and scrap or ore, then in a refining by decarburization, desulphurization and dephosphorization. This method makes it possible to work out refined steels and allied, by addition of noble elements.
Source
- encyclopedic Larousse colors (France Leisures 1978)
See also
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