Phrygie

The Phrygie (of the Greek : Φρυγία ) is an old country of Asia Mineure, located between the Lydie and the Cappadoce, on the Western part of the Anatolian plate.

History

The Phrygian ones are Indo-European people come from Thrace or area of the the Danube, which occupied towards -1200 the central part and Western of the Asia Mineure, benefitting from the collapse of the Empire hittite.

According to the legend, at the time antiquated (before the Trojan War), the largest Phrygian king is Gordias, a peasant, who receives the throne following a oracle. It is him which founds the capital, Gordion. Without child, it adopts Midas, wandering following the curse launched by Apollon, which makes it transform all that it touches out of gold. Thereafter, the Phrygian kings bear alternatively the names of Gordias and Midas. Certain legends also make to Tantale a Phrygian king.

The Phrygian kingdom dominates the minor Asia of the fall of the Hittites until the invasions cimmériennes of the end of/beginning of the 7th century. In -696, Gordion falls. Hegemony passes then to the Lydie. She then passes under domination Perse in -546, at the time of the conquest of Cyrus II. Phrygie becomes a satrapie under Darius, with for capital Dascylion. The royal road of the Achéménides which connects Sardes to Suse crosses Phrygie via Gordion.

In -333, Alexandre Large the passes by Gordion and, in the sanctuary of Zeus, section the famous Gordian knot and Phrygie is found included in the empire; Antigone One-eyed the becomes the satrap about it. With died of the conqueror, his Diadoque S disputes Phrygie, which returns finally to the Séleucides. In -188, it passes to the kingdom of Pergame. In -275, its oriental party is invaded by the Celtes. Gordion is taken and shaven, only a small village remains of the Roman capital at the time , while the conquered area is renamed Galatie . In -103, Phrygie becomes part of the Roman Province of Asia. The name is then used time with others under the Byzantine Empire, but it is definitively finished by it Phrygian kingdom.

Culture

The Phrygian language is a Indo-European language whose classification is not certain, it would be perhaps in relation to the Greek. The Phrygian culture influenced the Greek culture much. It is very developed with the Bronze Age, in particular in the field of the music. Midas is supposed to have been the pupil of Orphée. Midas, after being disgusted gold by its adventure with Bacchus, will leave to live in the forest and will attend a contest between Apollon and the god Pan to whom one allots the invention of the panpipes, the aulos (in Greek old αὐλός / aulós ), manufactured starting from wood of stag. The old man Tmolos, spirit of the mountain, will be the judge of this contest. He will declare Apollon victorious and Midas, dissatisfied with the result, will say it high and strong. Apollo, furious of the audacity of this man, will transform the ears of this king into ears of ass.

The large Phrygian goddess is Cybèle, the “large mother”, who according to the Greek Mythologie, initiates Dionysos with her mysteries. The Phrygian ones venerate also Sabazios, then identified by the Greek with Zeus and Dionysos.

Pâris, wire of Priam, is famous Phrygian being, which watch its representation usual, carrying celebrates it bonnet éponyme, which was then taken again by the freed Roman ones, as a sign of freedom, then by the revolutionary French.

See too

External bond

the Phrygian ones, three small notes and then from go away by Jacques of Courtils, professor of archeology at the university of Bordeaux.

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