Philippe de Marnix , baron of Holy-Aldegonde, born with Brussels in 1540, died with Leyde in 1598, was at the same time Militaire, Poète, Théologien and Pédagogue. Its history is closely dependant with that of Calvin.

Biography

With the revolt of the Netherlands, in 1565, one saw it one of the first authors of the Compromis of Bréda, which guaranteed the freedom of conscience and was opposed to the Inquisition, but what rejected Marguerite of Parma. After the arrival of the pile cluster in 1567, it emigrated with Emden in Germany where it wrote his lampoon De Byencorf DER H. Roomsche Kercke (1569), and to the Netherlands only in 1571 returned. Guillaume de Nassau, Prince d' Orange charged it with diplomatic missions, military and religious. It also charged it with the negotiations with Paris and London, and, in 1578, with the Diète of Augsburg. Philippe de Marnix contributed much to the construction of the Université of Leyde and to the pacification of Ghent in 1576. Burgomaster of Antwerp in 1584, it defended the city for thirteen months against the duke of Parma, but finally had to go, following what it withdrew businesses. He reappeared however like Ambassadeur in Paris in 1590, and lived then in Leyde, where he translated the Bible into Dutch.

Marnix left, in addition to writings of controversy, an estimated treaty: Of the education of the princes and the children (in Latin). He is also the presumed author of the words of the Wilhelmus, the national anthem Dutch.

The Table of the differens of the religion

Its most important French work is the Tableau of the differens of the religion (1598-1601). Marnix made there speak a catholic clerk eager to speak in praise of its Church, and the criticism of the calvinists. But this awkward clerk gets footholds in his own speech. Instead of renting the large catholic doctors (Bellarmin, Panigarole, and least known Gentien Hervet), it reveals all involuntarily their defects and all their handling. True handling comes of course from Marnix, reforming active, which thus continues on nearly 1500 pages an at the same time pointed and comic theological satire, on a tone which borrows much from Rabelais, with Erasme and Henri Estienne. The Tableau of the differens belongs to the kind then very in vogue of the pseudo-praise (see the Praise of the Madness of Erasme).

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