Philippe IV (Valladolid, Castille-and-León, April 8th 1605 - Madrid, September 17th 1665), king of Espagnes and the Indies with died of his/her father Philippe III of Spain in 1621.

It is elder wire of the king Philippe III of Spain and his wife the Archiduc hess Marguerite of Austria (1584-1611).

If the history retained it like a poor politician, Philippe IV counts among the most important patrons who is, and one of the largest collectors of all times. II made come to the Court, the Vélasquez young person, hardly 20 years old, and supported it throughout its career, as it protected the majority from the Spanish painters of its time. It ordered important works with many foreign artists (Rubens, Poussin, Claude Gellée, Stanzione…) and bought many the tabeaux old ones, in particular with the sale of the goods of Charles Ier of England, his/her brother-in-law (or with the Rubens succession). The collection of the Prado owes him much.

Other titles:

• king of Deux-Siciles;
• king de Portugal, under the name Philippe III of Portugal, 1621 with 1640;
• prince of the Netherlands (officially duke of the Brabant and of Luxembourg, marquis d' Anvers and of Namur, count de Flandre, of Hainaut, of Leuwen and of Ostrevant

Policy

It gave up the reality of the capacity to its favorite Gaspar de Gùzman, count-duke of Olivares whose reforms, after some successes, could not arréter the decline of the Spanish power which accelerated with the participation of the Iberian kingdom in the Guerre thirty year old. Spain lost Portugal which recovered its independence and Catalonia during a time was subjected to France which also progressed in the Netherlands and to Italy.

Marriages and descent

He marries in 1615 Elisabeth de France (1602 - 1644), elder of the girls of the king Henri IV of France and his wife Marie de Médicis. They had 7 children:

• Marie-Marguerite (Maria Margarita) (1621)
• Marguerite Marie Catherine (Margarita Maria Catalina) (1623)
• Marie-Eugenie (1625-1627)
• Isabelle Marie Therese (Isabel Maria Teresa) (1627)
• Baltasar Carlos of Spain, Prince of Asturies (1629-1646)
• Marie-Anne Antonia (Mariana or Maria Anna Antonia) (1636)
• Marie-Therese, wife of Louis XIV king de France and of Navarre

He marries in second weddings in 1649 his niece the Archiduc hess Marie-Anne of Austria (1635 - 1696), girl of the emperor of the Romans Ferdinand III and of his wife the infante Marie Anne of Spain (puînée sister of Philippe IV). They had 5 children:

• Marguerite-Therese (July 12th, 1651 - March 12th, 1673), first woman of Léopold Ier, sovereign of the Holy roman Empire
• Marie Ambrosia of Concepción (1655)
• Philippe Prosper (1657-1661).
• Thomas Charles (Divided into volumes Carlos) (1658-1659)
• Charles (1661-1700) which succeeded…

to him

With Marie Calderon, it had a natural child:

• Jean Joseph {1629 - 1679} recognized by the king in spite of a doubtful paternity.

• Genealogy of Philippe IV of Spain

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