Philippe II of Burgundy

See also: Philippe of Burgundy, Philippe Bold the

Philippe de France or Philippe II of Burgundy or Philippe Bold the duke of Burgundy during the War One hundred Year old born with Pontoise the January 17th 1342. It is the fourth wire of the king de France Jean II of France (known as Jean the Good) and of Bonne of Luxembourg. It gains its nickname at the side of his father to the battles of Poitiers in 1356.

Biography

It is born the January 17th 1342 with Pontoise and is the fourth wire of the king Jean II of France (known as Jean the Good) and of Bonne of Luxembourg.

It receives the Duché of Burgundy in Apanage in 1363 of his father and marries in 1369 Marguerite III of Flanders, widow of the preceding duke of Burgundy Philippe Ier of Burgundy prematurely deceased without descent at the 15 years age, and is thus with the head of the two principalities when his/her father-in-law the count Louis II of Flanders (known as Louis II of Male) dies in 1384. It has children:

Jean without Fear his successor born the May 28th 1371 with the Palate of the dukes of Burgundy of Dijon
Charles, born in March 1372, dead the July 13rd 1373
Antoine of Burgundy, born in 1384, count de Réthel, then duke of the Brabant, died with the Battle of Azincourt the October 25th 1415
Philippe of Burgundy born in October 1389, died the October 25th 1415 with the Battle of Azincourt, become in 1404 , by renunciation of his/her brothers Jean and Antoine, count de Nevers and of Réthel;
Marguerite of Burgundy, born in October 1374, married the April 12th 1385 with count Guillaume IV of Hainaut, Holland and Zealand.
Catherine of Burgundy, born in 1378, dead the January 26th 1426; married on August 15th, 1393 with the duke Léopold IV of Good Austria
, born in 1379, died the September 10th 1399 at the 20 years age.
Marie of Burgundy, born in August 1380, dead the October 6th 1428; married in May 1401 with the count then duke Amédée VIII of Savoy

It thus inaugurates a matrimonial policy already outlined by its predecessor Philippe de Rouvre, policy whom his successors will continue and who constitutes in a few decades the State of the Duchy of Burgundy. By marrying in 1385 his/her son Jean without Fear in Marguerite, girl of the count Albert Ier de Hainaut and of Holland, and his/her Marguerite daughter with Guillaume IV of Hainaut, wire and heir to Albert, it prepares the union of these principalities at the Burgundian State which carried out its grandson Philippe III of Burgundy (known as Philippe the Good)

It also inserts by these marriages the new dynasty of Burgundy in the network of alliances of the Maison of Bavaria: the other girls of Albert of Bavaria are married with the duke of Gueldre and the king de Bohême, the future emperor Wenceslas Ier of the Holy roman Empire, however that their cousin Isabeau of Bavaria becomes queen of France. In addition, it Marie her daughters Catherine with the duke of Austria Léopold IV of Habsbourg and Marie with the duke Amédée VIII of Savoy.

After the Flemish insurrections of 1382, it concludes the Paix from Turned in 1385 which restores peace in the Comté of Flanders, and it takes care, as well in its action with the government of the king Charles VI of France as in the control of the businesses of the Great Schism of occident, with the economic interests of the draping cities. It profits on this subject from the councils of business men among whom Dino Rapondi holds the first rank. Very active at the court of France, it takes an all the more significant part with the government of the uncles de Charles VI that his brother the duke of Anjou Louis Ier of Naples is occupied in Italy and that his/her other brother the duke of Berry Jean de France engages little in the political matters and deals especially with the Languedoc, however that the duke Louis II of Bourbon is only maternal uncle of the king.

The return of the Marmousets draws aside it a time of the capacity in 1388, but the disease of the king brings back in 1392 there. It enters then in competition with the brother of the king, Louis de France, duke of Orleans, whose expenditure is opposed to covetousnesses of a duke of Burgundy obliged to count on the tax resources of the royalty to face the needs for its way of life and of the government of its principality. Against the prodigality of the duke of Orleans, Philippe the Bold one has the appearance of a reforming prince and thus acquires a real popularity in Paris. But this prince with the acute political direction bequeaths to his son Jean without Peur of the empty cases and an obligation of demagogy if he wants to keep a party.

He dies in Hal (in current Belgium) on April 27th, 1404.

Its tomb

As of 1378, Philippe the Bold one acquires the field of Champmol to make there build a Chartreuse (1383 - 1388) (become from a hospital of Dijon) intended to accommodate its skin after its death. Its tomb and its lying are one of the chiefs of work of the French sculpture. It was carried out by Jean de Marville (1381 - 1389), Claus Sluter (1389 - 1406) and Claus de Werve (1406 - 1410). Jean Malouel, painter official of the duke, was responsible for polychromy and gildings.

After its death, the body of Philippe the Bold one is éviscéré and embaumé, then placed in a lead coffin. It is deposited in the chorus of the Chartreuse de Champmol the June 16th 1404. Its internal organs are dispatched with Notre-Dame de Hal. In 1792, its body is transferred to the Saint-Benign Cathédrale from Dijon. Its tomb went up a little later and damaged by the revolutionists in 1793. It is restored in first half of the 19th century and is today with the Musée of the Art schools of Dijon in the palate of the Dukes of Burgundy

Internal bonds

History of Burgundy

External bonds

Philippe the Bold one, the large duke of Burgundy on historia-nostra.com

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