See also: Knell

Philip Glass is a Musicien and American Compositeur , born the January 31st 1937 with Baltimore (Maryland), and pertaining to the current repetitive Minimaliste or of the Modern music.

Biography

Phil Knell, born with Baltimore with the the United States, is resulting from an emigrated Jewish family of Lithuania. At 19 years, it obtains its license with the Université of Chicago with a double specialization in Mathématiques and Philosophie.

It enters then to the Juilliard School of New York where it follows the lesson of Darius Milhaud. It leaves to study with Paris, of 1963 to 1965, with Nadia Boulanger which teaches to him with the Conservatoire American of Fontainebleau the analysis of the compositions of Johann Sebastian Bach ( the quite moderate Keyboard ), Mozart (the Concertos for pianos ), and Beethoven. Knell also discovers the Serial music of Pierre Boulez, but he will affirm later that it did not give him “any excitation”. On the other hand, this time in Paris east for him the discovery of the theater of Jean-Louis Barrault with the Odéon and of the French New wave to the cinema with films of Jean-Luc Godard and François Truffaut.

In Paris, he works on the transcription of musics of Ravi Shankar that he côtoye for the composition of the music of the film Chappaqua . The following year, in 1966, he discovers the India, and comes into contact with the refugees Tibetans the north of the country; he will meet the Dalaï Lama in 1972. This period of work with Ravi Shankar assistance to acquire a personal style, marked by the gradual and repetitive processes.

Of return to New York, it renews contact with his former comrades of the Juilliard School like Steve Reich, which begins its minimalists creations then in the galleries and the alternative places of Chelsea. It creates in the Seventies the Philip Glass Ensemble. With the beginning of the year 1980, Glass produces the group of music New-wave Polyrock.

He in particular collaborated with various quartets, of which the Kronos Quartet to create a new original soundtrack with the film '' Dracula '' (1931). He also worked with Bob Wilson for Einstein one the Beach or Godfrey Reggio for the Trilogie of Qatsi .

He was named with the Oscars and the Golden Globes in the category “better music”, respectively for the films The Truman Show and The Hours .

Principal compositions

Important works

Works minimalists

  • String quartet No 1 (1966)
  • Strung Out for violin (1967)
  • Two Pages (1969)
  • Music in Fifths (1969)
  • Music in Similar Motion (1969)
  • Music with Changing Parts (1970)
  • Music in 12 shares (1971-74)
  • Another Look At Harmony Leaves IV (1975)

For orchestra

  • Company for string orchestra (1983)
  • Concerto for violin and orchestra (1987)
  • The Light for orchestra (1987)
  • The Canyon for orchestra (1988)
  • Itaipu for chorus and orchestra (1989)
  • Grosso Concerto for orchestra (1992)
  • Symphony No 1 " Low" for orchestra (1992, according to the music of David Bowie and Brian Eno)
  • Symphony No 2 for orchestra (1994)
  • Echorus for two violins and string orchestra (1995)
  • Symphony NO3 for string orchestra (1995)
  • Concerto for quartet with saxophones and orchestra (1995)
  • Symphony No 4 " Heroes" for orchestra (1996, according to the music of David Bowie and Brian Eno)
  • Symphony NO5 " Requiem, Bardo, Nirmanakaya" (1999)
  • the Tirol Concerto for piano and orchestra with cords (2000)
  • Symphony No 6 “Plutonian Ode” for soprano and orchestra (2001)
  • Concerto for Harpsichord and chamber orchestra (2002)
  • Concerto No 2 for piano and orchestra " After Lewis and Clark" (2004)
  • Symphony No 7 “Toltec” for orchestra and chorus (2004)
  • Symphony No 8 for orchestra (2005)
  • Itaipu

Chamber music

  • String quartet No 2 “Company” (1983)
  • String quartet NO3 “Mishima” (1985)
  • String quartet No 4 (1989)
  • Music from “The Screens” for flute, clarinet, violin, violoncello, harpsichord, will kora and percussions (1989, with Foday Musa Suso)
  • String quartet NO5 (1991)
  • Mélodies for saxophone (1995)
  • Dracula for string quartet (1998)
  • Music from “The Sound off has Voice” for pipa, flute, violin, violoncello and percussions (2003)

For piano

  • Modern Coils Waltz (1978)
  • Mad Rush (1979)
  • Metamorphosis for piano (1988)
  • The Orphée Suite for piano (1993, version for piano by Paul Barnes, 2000)
  • Studies for piano, delivers 1 (1994/1995)

For two pianos
  • Six Scenes from " The Enfant terribles " for two pianos (1996, version by Dennis Russell Davies and Maki Namekawa)

Opera

  • Einstein one the Beach (1976)
  • Satyagraha (1980)
  • Akhnaten (1983)
  • the CIVIL warS (1984)
  • The Travels (1992)
  • Orphée (1993)
  • the Beautiful one and the Animal (1994, according to film of Jean Cocteau)
  • the Enfant terribles (1996)
  • Monsters off Grace (1997)
  • In the Penal Colony (2000, " opera of chambre")
  • White Raven (2001)
  • Waiting for the Barbarians (2005)

Film musics

Anecdotes

  • One finds Philip Glass parodied in the series South Park , in the episode Mr Hankey, the small excrement Christmas .

  • the English group Depeche Mode pays homage to Philip Glass in the song It Doesn' T Matter Two , in the album Black Celebration , which is made up “with the manner of…”.
  • a music of Philip Glass, that used in the film Koyaanisqatsi , is in its turn re-used in the first Trailer card of Grand Theft Auto IV .
  • Philip Glass remixé the piece Icct Hedral of Aphex Twin. One can find this remix in his album 51-13 Aphex Single Collection .

External bond

  • Official site

Simple: Philip Glass Zh-min-nan: Philip Glass

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