Peter Tosh

Peter Tosh (of his true name, Winston Hubert McIntosh ) is a Chanteur, Guitariste, Organiste and type-setter author of Ska, of Rocksteady, drunk Reggae and , born the October 19th 1944 in Church Lincoln, Grange Hill, in Westmoreland in Jamaica, and dead the September 11th 1987 with Kingston. It is, with Bob Marley, one of the emblematic figures of the Reggae and spirituality Rasta.

Biography

Tosh knows his/her father little. Endowed for the music he sings and plays of the piano to the mass Sunday. Raised in the countryside by his mother and her aunt which teaches the Piano to him, at ten years he learns the guitar by observing a farmer who out of cheek. As a prototype of " hard boy" , it leaves for the capital, where it only wanders at fifteen years. Its meeting in 1962 in the district ghetto of Trench Town in Kingston in Jamaica with Bob Marley and Neville Livingston (called Bunny Wailer later) is decisive for this man of big size already owner of a dry guitar.

Ska period

In 1963, it founds with Junior Braithwaite, Neville Livingston and Bob Marley the vocal group The Wailers with for professor of song Joe Higgs. It concentrates especially on the vocal harmonies with Bunny but its role is not always limited to the choruses: engaged by the local producer Clement " Sir Coxsone" Dodd at Studio One, the four members of Wailers interpret all of the pieces. After success in 1964 of the ska " Simmer Down " sung by Bob Marley and the departure of Braithwaite, it engraves a good dozen pieces as a principal singer. Its impetuous nature constitutes the most corrosive pole of the group. One can hear it on very the rock'n'roll " Can' T You See " , " Hoot Nanny Hoot ", the Calypso " Shame and Scandal " or " Rasta Shook Them Up " (in 1966, one of the first pieces recorded on the topic of Rastafari), " Maga Dog " and a piece of the Temptations, " (You Gotta Walk and) Don' T Look Back " , that it will re-record successfully in 1978 in duet with Mick Jagger. This period ignored at Studio One however counts some of its most remarkable recordings. But all titles of the album " The Wailin' Wailers " (1966) have as a singer principal Bob Marley. Wailers leave Studio One at the beginning of 1966 after having contributed to the recording of a hundred titles as artists or chorus-singers. After a stay in prison for detention of hemp (and a beating up), it records in particular " Maga Dog " and " Leave My Business " in solo for Joe Gibbs, without never managing to gain large thing.

Rocksteady period

When Bob Marley, Peter Tosh and Bunny create the small mark " Wail' Soul' m " at the end of 1966, it records many Rocksteady with the daring, impertinent words like " Funeral ", " Pound Get has Blow " , " Fire Fire " in duet with Bob Marley, " Dem has Fi Get has Beatin " and " Stepping Razor " writing by their professor of song Joe Higgs. But none has success. In January 1968, like Rita and Bob Marley, Peter Tosh signs a contract of production and exclusive editions with the JaD discs of the American singer Johnny Nash, for which Wailers records an album which will leave only in 1997. Tosh interprets " there; Coils " , which will be taken again by Johnny Nash on its album with success " I Edge See Clearly Now " in 1972.

Reggae period

With the birth of the Reggae in 1968, Peter Tosh continues to speak within Wailers with " The World Is Changing ", " Give has Me Ticket " (resumption of " The Letter " Box Signals). In 1970, it imposes four titles on the album " The Best off the Wailers " (Beverley' S 1971) for the producer Leslie Kong, of which " Soon Like " , that it will re-record in 1978. At the end of 1969, when Bob Marley returns from the United States, it founds with him and Bunny the label Tuff Gong.

In 1970 the producer Lee “Scratch” Perry carries out many recordings of Wailers, of which four are interpreted by Peter Tosh: " 400 Years ", " No Sympathy " , " Downpresser " and " Second Hand " , but always without success. It engraves " Rightful Ruler " (produced by Lee Perry in 1970) in duet with U Roy, of which it is the first disc. Others 45 obscure turns are published by various labels (of which a resumption of the " Young stag Comes The Sun " Beatles in 1971) joined together on triple box " Honorary Citizen " (Sony 1997). Wailers manage to engrave one local success since their departure of Studio One in 1966, the " Trench Town Rock'n'roll " of Bob Marley (Tuff Gong, 1971).

When they sign a contract of production with the English studio Island at the end of 1972, Wailers think of having found the way of success. Peter Tosh Co-sign the anthem protestor " Get Up Stand Up " that he interprets in duet with Marley, and sings " One Foundation ", " 400 Years " and " Stop The Train " on the albums " Catch has Fire " and " Burnin " who leave to Great Britain. But Bunny leaves the group after a first English round in April 1973, and following a financial disagreement with Bob and Island, which puts too Marley ahead at its taste, Peter leaves him also the formation after one second round which will give the album " well later; Talkin' Blues ".

Armed with its guitar and its famous pedal Wah-wah, it founds its own brand entitled then INTEL-Diplo HIM (" Intelligent Diplomat for Imperial His Majesty") as a sign of allegiance to Hailé Sélassié Ier, known as Jah Rastafari. It publishes some 45 turns solo protestors like " Babylon Queendom "" in allusion to the Queen of England.

Success

In 1976, with the assistance of the harmonicist Lee Jaffee, it records the album " Legalize It " (Posthumous Grammy of the best album of reggae in 1988) for Columbia (Virgin in England) with the same musicians as Bob Marley, which also contributes him to the album. It poses in the middle of a field of Ganja on the small pocket of the album. The song of the same name, which defends hemp, is prohibited at its exit in Jamaica. Continuous Tosh to record for Virgin, which publishes the album " Equal Rights " in 1977, always recorded with the same musicians as Marley and Bunny Wailer.

In April 1978, at the time of the " One Coils Peace Concert " in Kingston, in which Bob Marley takes part at the head of poster, insolate as of habit Peter Tosh has unpleasant words for the politicians who dispute the capacity in the island. The Manley Prime Minister and his Seaga opponent are present. They will join Marley on scene a few minutes later. Mick Jagger was also present at the concert, and proposes to him a contract for its new label, Rolling Stones Records.

A few days later, pretexting a detention of ganja which causes a brawl with a police officer, Peter Tosh passed to tobacco by the police force which leaves it for death. The broken hands, cover of fractures, it will owe the life only with the care of its fellows-prisoner and an intervention of the army. It records nevertheless the album " Bush Doctor " with the team of Sly Dunbar and Robbie Shakespeare " Word, Sound And Power " and Mick Jagger with which it engraves a new version in duet of " (You Gotta Walk and) Don' T Look Back " who becomes an international success. A little later Serge Gainsbourg borrows to him the team of Sly & Robbie for the album " Gainsbourg Dub Style: In the Weapons And Cætera ".

After these three remarkable albums, some concerts in first part of the Rolling Stones and a European round, Peter Tosh is a high-speed motorboat devoted with Jagger as a cover for " Best ", the influential monthly magazine of the rock'n'roll.

Influenced by the ambient international pop sound (solos of guitar in particular), its later discs for EMI, " Mystic Man ", " Wanted Dread And Alive ", " Mama Africa " (which contains a resumption of the " Johnny B. Goode " of Chuck Berry) and " Captured Live " its limits with however occasionally excellent titles show and are sold relatively badly in spite of goods and many concerts. In 1983, he plays Swaziland in South Africa and turns to Europe with a guitar in the shape of machine-gun. He also plays Kingston, but it will be its last round. Suffering from after-effects of its beatings up, it rests much. Its last album " No Nuclear War " , more succeeded, leaves little before its death.

Death

September 11th, 1987, Peter Tosh is killed in his residence at the time of a settling of score in mysterious circumstances whereas it was going to take the control of a radio in Jamaica. Implied in the traffic of hemp and attending taken again justice which considered it indebted, it was not implied less by it in a fight for the equality and justice. It leaves several children, of which a son, Andrew Tosh, which started a musical career in the reggae. Peter Tosh was 42 years old.

Bunny Wailer is the last member living of the original formation of the trio of Wailers whose Peter Tosh was one of the founders.

Discography

With Wailers

Solo

Posthumous albums

With Wailers:
  • The Toughest (1964-1966, appeared in 1996)
  • Freedom Time (1967-1968, appeared in 2003)
  • Rock'n'roll to the Rock'n'roll (1968, appeared in 1998)
  • Selassie Is the Chapel (1968-1969, appeared in 1997)
  • Peter Tosh & the Wailers - Stepping Razor (1967-1972, appeared in 2003)
  • Black Dignity 2004):
  • Talkin' Blues (1973, published in 1995)

In solo:

  • Honorary Citizen (1997): box of 3 CD anthology of the 45 turns jamaïcains, of titles as a public and a selection studio.
  • Live At the One Coils Peace Concert (1978, appeared in 2000)
  • I Am That I Am (2001): recordings with the dry guitar of the Seventies.
  • Can' T Blame The Youth (2004)
  • Don' T Want to Get Busted (2003) gathers Live At the One Love Peace Concert , I Am That I Am more one maintenance of 1978 with Bruno Blum
  • Talking Revolution (2005): gather Live At the One Love Peace Concert and I Am That I Am .

References

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