In physics of the fluids

Starting from a certain critical quantity of fluid on a partition, a bridge is established making it possible the fluid to cross it

In mathematics

The mathematical Théorie of the percolation proposes a model to study in a probabilistic way the behavior of the porous environments.

In ecology

The Écologie of the landscape is interested in the capacity of the species and the individuals to be moved in space, which requires to measure the ecological Connectivité which translates functional connectivity between natural habitats or semi-natural, and of the rates of migration (or dispersion), associated with complex behaviors and the climatic risks. a great part of the migrations being done moreover, night. This requires methods often very expensive and delicate, like radio-tracking, automatic detection and/or photograhie, traps with traces, or the methods of capture-marking-recaptures.
La theory of the percolation is one of the theoretical tools tested for the study and the modeling of the capacity of individuals and population to be migrated (in flow) between the grains or spots of the landscape, this last being to some extent compared with a porous environment in which each species circulates more or less easily.

to see too

• Osmosis

More generally in dynamic system theory

In system theory dynamic, the percolation is the transformation of a state (or a phase) of a system into

• a state (or a phase) lower and less powerful (Entropie)

• or a state (or a phase) higher and more powerful (Car-organization, Néguentropie)

Forms of the process of change inside the system

The change occurs in on this side or beyond threshold criticizes , critical mass or threshold of percolation . In lower part of the threshold, the process falls through, above there is Changement of state (or phase) with often exponential progression.

This change occurs either in a sudden and abrupt way, or while passing by a phase of more or less undecided transition and more or less chaotic or on the contrary little activates (damning up).

Practical examples

One finds examples of change of state or phase starting from a certain threshold in many fields, so much human and social (Development pole) that physics (Nuclear fission).

In Pedology

The percolation is a flow of Eau in the pedological cover, under the effect of the Gravité. The Loi of Darcy describes the bond between height of water and speed of percolation, for example in the case of a surface water which feeds a ground water.

In the everyday life

In hotel trade, the Café Expresso is prepared in a percolator, left Cafétière under high pressure.

See too

• Effect of threshold

External bonds

http://anneclaire.h.free.fr (Use of the percolation to study the propagation of a disease in a population)

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