Percentage occupied time of the grounds

In France, the percentage occupied time of the grounds or COS determines the building density allowed on land and buildings according to its surface:

Concept inspired of the Zoning (town planning), it is used to determine the number of square meters as surface clear out-work (SHON) likely to be built on a ground. The payments of Town planning and in particular the local plans of town planning (RAINED) can fix the value of the applicable COS on a given ground.

Example:

On a ground of 1.000 m ², whose payment envisages a maximum COS of 0,4 one can build up to 1.000 m ² X 0,4 = 400 m ² SHON.

In suburban zone, the COS is often about 0,3 to 0,5 while it exceeds 1 quickly when one approaches the center.

With Paris, the COS is currently of 3,25, even 3,75 in certain sectors. The local plan draft of town planning, under development, envisages to lower it to 3, with variations according to the size and the function (habitat or employment) of the piece.

The rule known as of the “COS in fact” makes it possible to rebuild a building with identical even if its density exceeds the standard set by the COS. This rule aims at encouraging the operations of restoration on the existing buildings.

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