Pensacola

Pensacola is a city located in the county of Escambia, of which it is the seat, in Florida, the United States.

Its population was of: 54734 inhabitants in 2004: 412153 for the agglomeration. It is also about a seaport in bay of Pensacola, which is connected to the Gulf of Mexico. In its south-western suburbs the greatest base of the American navy is. One can visit the National museum of aviation (National Museum off Naval Aviation).

The nickname of Pensacola is “  the city to the five drapeaux  ”, because it changed, as the remainder of the State, several times of sovereignty during its history.

History

First Spanish period (1559-1719)

The bay of Pensacola was recognized by Don Diego Miruelo in 1516, but this last did not settle there. Pensacola nevertheless is regarded as the first European temporary establishment in the   United States;: it was indeed founded in 1559 by the conquistador Don Tristan de Luna on the site of Santa Rosa Island  ; it gave him the name of “  Bahía Santa María de Filipina  ”. The colony accommodated then approximately: 1400 Spaniards but was abandoned two years later because of a hurricane. For this reason Saint Augustine is prided to be the oldest permanent European establishment of the country. The Spaniards returned in 1698 to be established in a permanent way this time, under the direction of the governor Andrés de Arriola. Pensacola became even the capital of Western Florida. It obtained strong Barrancas. The Spaniards imported black slaves and évangélisèrent the Amerindians (in particular the tribe of Panzacola).

French interlude (1719-1722)

The French were present in Louisiana more at the west, in particular in Mobile and Biloxi. They overcame the Spaniards and settled in Pensacola. They benefitted from it to massacre the Indians Natchez and Tanesas. But their presence was transitory and they burned their installations before fleeing.

Second Spanish period (1722-1763)

The return of the Spaniards was not accompanied by a rise démographique : the population of Pensacola remained modest. The colonists strengthened this strategic place and the skirmishes were frequent with the French and British neighbors.

Western Florida British (1763-1781)

At the end of the Seven Year old war, in 1763, the British drive out the French of Louisiana and seize Pensacola, which begins its takeoff. It became the capital of Western Florida ( British West Florida ) and developed around the district of Seville Square thanks to the action of Elias Durnford. The saving in plantation (cotton) develops and British immigration intensifies. During the war of American independence, Florida remained faithful to the British crown. In 1780, the battle of Pensacola is favorable to the Spaniards (who support the American insurrectionists)  : they seize the area again.

The third Spanish period (1781-1821)

1814: battle of Pensacola In 1821, the Adams-Onís treaty yields Florida to the US government.

To the American Civil War (1821-1861)

In 1825, the American congress made build the first headlight. The first congregation methodist settled in 1827. The fortifications were étendues : Strong Pickens (1829-1834), Strong Barrancas and Strong McRee. The first governor was Andrew Jackson, which persecuted the Hispanic Indians and Creoles. Tallahassee replaced soon Pensacola like capital of State. The March 3rd 1845, Florida becomes the 27e State of the United States. It had been delayed by the resistance of the Seminole Indians.

The American Civil War (1861-1865)

to supplement

From 1865 with today

Today, the military base of Pensacola, NAS Pensacola (Naval Air Station) is one of the principal assets of the city. It is here that involve Blue Angels, esquadron of demonstration of Navy, ambassadors of US Navy and the body of the Navy. Blue Angels ensure more than one about fifty representations on about thirty sites through the USA.

Geography

City having for it even an airport in connection with large the American cities such as New York or Atlanta, it is a central point in international tourism.

At the end of Santa Rosa Island is a federal park which protects the place from all new construction. It belongs to the GULF Islands National Seashore.

The city can be divided into three sectors: downtown, Old Pensacola and Pensacola Beach. Old Pensacola presents vestiges of last and various foreign influences. The wood houses adopt the creole style (Charles Lavalle House, 1805) or néogrec (Dorr House, 1871). The buildings are avoided balconies out of wrought iron (conch style).

Pensacola Beach is a white sand language exposed to the wind, attached by a toll bridge to the peninsula of GULF Breeze, itself attached to the continent by a long bridge which military aircrafts, gulls and pelicans fly over. Today, Pensacola Beach reappears after having was devastated in 2004 by the Ivan hurricane. Hotels and luxurious houses build of number.

Economy

  • fishing

  • sawmills
  • bricks

Twinning

Internal bond

Synagog Beth-El (Pensacola, Florida)

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