Penitence

In the Roman Catholic church, the penitence belongs to a sacrament the purpose of which is to forgive the Péché S.

The Sacrament of penitence and reconciliation also includes/understands the Contrition and the Confession of the sins.

Conditions

Penitence is one of the two requirements for obtaining this Sacrament:

The first condition is the regret of the faults or repentance. This one implies to make the distinction between venial sin and mortal sin.

  • One names Venial sin a human act which was made without deliberate intention harm (to put itself in anger following an interior pressure…). This one does not imply the Volonté to make the Mal, but only the not controlled natural reactions.
  • One names Mortal sin a deliberated act, i.e. which supposes a premeditation with intention either to harm its next, or to be opposed to the commands God.

the Péché against the Spirit is a mortal sin because it implies a will to be used as full sound liking the demon, or to belong to its movement of revolt.

The second condition is the application of penitence , always intended to repair the evil which was made when it is possible. It is an act symbolic system, testimony of good will, which marks the proof of a real contrition (sincere regret) and of a request of the grace to better direct its human nature towards the Good.

Two types of penitences

The Church distinguishes:

  • the external penitence , punishment chosen by the sinner, or accepted by him, which validates the discharge that a priest gave him;

  • the interior penitence , or conversion of the heart , which is a deep change of the behavior accompanied by a refusal of the sin. According to the Catechism of the Catholic church, “this conversion of the heart is accompanied by a salutary pain and a sadness that the Fathers called animi cruciatus (affliction of the spirit)”. It uses at positive ends the Repentir, which without it would transform into sin of Delectatio morosa.

Brotherhoods the penitent ones

The origin of these brotherhoods is discussed: for the ones, they would have been born in Italy at the 12th century (in 1267 Saint Bonaventure creates, in Rome, a statute for the laic ones acting according to the rules of the Love of Christ: it is the first Brotherhood of Gonfalon whose object is the love of Christ and the proclamation of the catholic faith); for the others, the first penitent ones transfer the day in 1221: François d' Assise indeed founded the Tiers Order of penitence.

The name of " pénitent" appears in the books at the end of the Middle Ages. Penitent Italian undertook to protect condemned to dead in their threading a hood, so that they are not lynched by crowd. They requested for their heart, with the capacity to grant to it thanks to one of them each year.

Today, in the south of the France, each brotherhood of Pénitent S is different by the color from her dress:

The poplin hood bent with the dress, is called “caparuxte” and masks the face to ensure the equality of the Brothers.

Certain brotherhoods the penitent ones disappeared and sometimes reappeared at the time recent: it is the case of the brotherhood of the penitent blacks of Toulon in 2006.

The brotherhoods the penitent ones meet each year during a maintenance (in May 2007, it was with Corte).

Famous public penitences

Internal bonds

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