the Peace agreements of Paris of 1973 are signed agreements of armistice the January 27th 1973 with Paris to put an end to the Guerre of Vietnam.

They were concluded between the the United States of America and the Democratic republic from Vietnam, the République of Vietnam and the National front for the release of Vietnam.

The action of the negotiators, the Duke Tho for the Democratic republic of Vietnam, Madam Nguyên Thi Binh for the FNL and Henry Kissinger for the the United States put an end to 10 years of war. The agreement envisaged the withdrawal of the American terrestrial forces within 60 day. In exchange of what, Hanoï was committed releasing all its prisoners. But the Vietnamese problem was not regulated for as much: the United States withdrew itself from the conflict to avoid a defeat " formelle" and the armed struggle continued until the unconditional capitulation of the Government of Saigon, on April 30th, 1975. The operation of Henry Kissinger was to withdraw itself before the final defeat, in a honourable peace for the United States. The problem of the prisoners of war was that there no was war, just a climbing by stages since the advisers of military aid MAAAG (Military Aid Advisers Group) to the troops of combat and the air raids on the Democratic republic of Vietnam.

At the beginning, the United States did not recognize the role of the FNL, as the Democratic republic of Vietnam did not recognize the role of the République of Vietnam. The preamble to the negotiations was played two between Hanoi and Washington, the two principal belligerents, to end up integrating the two parts of the southern zone of Vietnam.

Like the aforementioned " War of Vietnam " existed forever on the legal level of the International law, it was necessary to found a " a posteriori; belligérance" or " guerre" who is a rule of law with his well identified and defined belligerents, his laws and payments like his space and his time.

The final fight

These agreements of Paris were the concretization of the American policy of “vietnamisation” in 1972 which consisted in letting to the Vietnameses regulate their own businesses. This policy of vietnamisation had its preceding French during the Guerre of Indo-China with the creation of the Vietnamese State of Saigon and its “National army” in which the “generals” of Saigon were trained who succeeded Ngo Dinh Diem.

Even by withdrawing the terrestrial troops of the Vietnamese territory, Richard Nixon promised with the government of Saigon the logistical support trapped by an uninterrupted corruption. Military, political and social reality burst in full day of a total vacuum in the South of Vietnam, except for the irreducible ones and of those which were very compromised in different the spheres from the various governments of Saigon.

At the beginning of March 1975, the Armed popular Vietnamese (APVN), launched a series of attacks on the highlands of the provinces to the North of Saigon and the fortified towns fell the ones after the others. The Government of Saigon of the president Nguyễn Văn Thiệu ordered a fatal and bloody retirement of these areas, in spite of the heroic resistance of some garrisons. They was scenes of panic and exodus, deserters and civilians confused, as he was seen in Belgium and France in the month of June 1940. The March 20th, Thiệu gave the counter-order to defend the imperial capital Huê, at all costs, which fell quickly after 3 days from combat. The engagements turned to the Da Nang, great military base in seaside where the US Navy unloaded before, in large brass band, like first troops fighting American with the Vietnam. Da Nang fell intact the March 30th with an army from 100.000 without command. The last phase of the offensive was planned for on May 1st to capture Saigon, but the events went more quickly than than they were envisaged, the popular Army Vietnamese were engulfed, as aspired by the vacuum, and continued to attack. Colonel Ba, which ordered a group of tanks, was surprised itself of this vacuum and sank until smashing the gate of the presidential palace of Saigon in an image symbolic system spread in the whole world by the Australian journalist Wilbur Burchett. A meeting of state major launched the tanks of the Colonel Ba for the final thrust.

The government of Nguyễn Văn Thiệu and its army collapsed, like a construction without foundation of the popular support. It was with the last combat around Saigon that the National army of Saigon had fought well, in " fighting of honneur" , for a posthumous glory and not démériter of the national heroes lasting of the millenia of fight against invaders.

The fall of Saigon

March 21st, the garrison of Xuan Loc, to the North of Saigon, went. The road of Saigon was opened and chair it Nguyen Van Thieu resigned on April 21st and fled with Taiwan to leave the place to the general Duong Van Minh, considered as moderated and little compromised, to sign the unconditional capitulation on April 30th, 1975.

Conclusion

Traditional of the agreements of armistice, these agreements give in closed field the belligerents to regulate their quarrels, without the intervention of external elements in the relation between Crise and conflict and Crise and catastrophe. For the Republic of Vietnam, it was a catastrophe of the total destructuration. Since, it ceased existing. For these agreements, the Duke Tho and Henry Kissinger received the Nobel Prize of Peace. The duke Tho refused this honor for the reason of not " to put in same the panier" attackers and attacked.

Agreements of Peace of Paris

• Text of the peace agreements of Paris