Paternity of inventions

When an invention is carried out, the ingredients are in general in the air , because of the context of the others discovered of the moment. This article counts some conflicts of paternity , histories or in the spirit of the public.

These conflicts are not to take too much with the serious one: any invention brings in theory something which missed with those which had preceded it, and for this reason, rare are the country which does not have with a title or another them inventive national of such or such technique.

(Jules Renard launched the expression besides: My wife, it is like a French invention: I found it and they are the different ones which benefits from it ; it was itself, one will have guessed it, French)

Other conflicts will appear, the more so as the laws on the property changes between continents: in the United States, it is the anteriority of the deposit which is taken into account; in Europe, it is that of the attested official report of the invention.

Cinema

  • Thomas Edison (Kinetoscope, 1893)
  • Auguste and Louis Light (Cinematograph, patent on February 13rd 1895)
If Edison developed well a system presentation of sights animated among others, its Kinetoscope which was not used as dark rooms and thus does not have a relationship with the cinema such as we hear it.

Auguste and Louis Lumière realized:

  • the invention of the system of drive with Maltese cross
  • the first listed turnings
  • the first official cinematographic projection of the world, in Paris, with the Fields-Elysées (December 28th 1895)
  • first data bases cinematographic, while providing with the salaried explorers of cameras

Photographs colors

Penicillin

  • Ernest Duchesne, 1897
  • Alexander Fleming, 1928
It should be recalled that the process of invention is complete only if the invention leads to a product usable and used. If thesis of 1897 of Duchesne qualifies it well like discoverer of effect curative of antibiotics, it is Ben with Fleming that returns title of innovating , since the thesis of Duchesne had fallen into the lapse of memory with the untimely death from its author and that it is well in Fleming, which was not informed of work of Duchesne, that one owes his arrival in the curative arsenal.

Gramophone

  • Charles Cros, paléophone (1877)
  • Thomas Edison, gramophone (February 19th 1878)
  • Emile Berliner, gramophone (1887) with 78 turns, type of recording which will remain the reference until the beginning of the Années 1950
There still, as for Wright, Fleming and as for the Light, the real innovator is that which brought the invention to the public. And Edison, this time, gains the palm which has escaped him for the cinema. But the large founder was Berliner all the same.

Sewing machine

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