Pataria

The pataria is the movement of the patarini or patari which was a movement of reaction of the Clergé basic Milan board against the enrichment and the practice of the Simonie of the high clergy with.

History of the movement

In 1045, after the nomination as archbishop of Guido da Velate successor of Ariberto da Intimiano, contrast between the low clergy and the people and the high clergy in Milan causes indignation. Absolute monarch of the city, it lutes all his life to preserve his independence with regard to the Germanic Roman Holy roman Empire; The incipient middle-class starts to become aware of itself and its importance. One feels a need for raising the moral standard in the clergy and a better distribution of the richnesses between the social classes.

The Milanese clergy requests from the Germanic Roman Emperor Henri the Black which controls the nominations of the bishop S on all the territory of the empire to choose between four “right and honest” candidates: Anselmo da Baggio, Landolfo Cotta, Attone and Arialdo da Carimate. The emperor passes in addition to and indicates Guido da Velate, known to be himself devoted to the Nicolaïsme.

The movement of the pataria develops to dispute this choice. The historical initiators of the movement are with various titrates, the four candidates under bishop. They encourage the population to refuse the sacraments of the corrupted priests and nicolaïtes. To counter the movement, the emperor names one of the four évincés candidates Anselmo da Baggio as bishop of Lucques.

After the end of the reign of the pope Benoit IX, even papacy feels the need for reforms. Already with the pope Leon IX, the cohabitation and the simony of the priests is condemned. Extremely of these foundations, Landolfo Cotta seeks to go to Rome to expose the Milanese problems to the pope Etienne IX, but the Sicaires of the archbishop intercept it close to Piacenza and kill almost it. It is saved. He dies in 1061 of the consequences of another attack.

In 1060, the pope Nicolas II sends a delegation under the direction of Anselmo da Baggio which brings back the calm one to Milan.

After the death of Landolfo Cotta

After the death of Landolfo Cotta, his/her brother Erlembaldo Cotta is named military chief of the patarini. The same year, Anselmo da Baggio is named pope under the name of Alexandre II. All occurs well until in 1066 when the pope wants to impose the authority of the church by two bubbles calling upon the clergy of Milan and excommunicating Guido da Velate. This one rebels. July 4th, 1066, of the clashes very violent ones make casualties of which Erlembaldo Cotta, Arialdo da Carimate and Guido da Velate. The pope proclaims the Interdit on the town of Milan as long as Arialdo da Carimate will not have left there. This one not to increase the sufferings of the Milaneses tries to escape but fall into a trap and is captured by men of the pope. He is taken along in the castle of Arona where he is tortured with death, his corpse is thrown in the Lake Maggiore. According to the legend its corpse was found intact one year later and the pope Alexandre II proclaimed it holy.

The battle of the patarini continues until in 1071 at the time of died of Guido da Velate. Its partisans elect Goffredo da Castiglione to succeed to him, but Erlembaldo Cotta proposes the candidature of Attone. This candidature is at once recognized by the new pope Gregoire VII which at the same time excommunicates Goffredo da Castiglione. Erlembaldo Cotta dies during the disorders which followed these decisions.

In 1089, the pope Urbain II, that which will launch the Croisade in the East, issues that the Sacrement S delivered by priests simonien or corrupted are valid, which is the opposite of the theses of the patrini. After these events the movement deviated more and more from the Catholic church to slip towards the theses of the cathares. In 1185, the patarini will be persecuted like sect heretic by the pope Leon III.

Random links: