Paris-Evening

Paris-Evening was large a Journal Quotidien Paris IEN of 1923-1944. Its first number left on October 4th, 1923. An edition of Sunday, Paris-Evening Sunday was published from December 22nd, 1935 to September 16th, 1939. Its number ISSN is 1256-0421.

Paris-Evening in the Second world war

After June 11th, 1940, and the German occupation, its editor, Jean Prouvost, continued its publication in not-occupied zone, in Clermont-Ferrand, Lyon, Marseilles, and Vichy, while in Paris, it is published under German control from June 22nd, 1940 to August 17th, 1944. During this period, criticisms German with regard to the newspaper were virulent. Thus, Jean Prouvost is described on January 17th 1941 like “more crowned lying, the rabble more disgusting, the bastard more immonde, the most infamous criminal, the excrémentielle mentality, the most purulent flower of cesspool And we are maintained here in the terms the delicate ones of the most respectful decency” ( With the Pilori ). The climate of the time is in any case not with the appeasing.

The escape

The fold of the newspaper had been studied before the rupture of the face, in May 1940, towards Nantes. The fold of the Parisian press is ordered on June 10th, and Paris-Evening is evacuated, after its last edition the 11, with 15:30. All the press makes in the same way, except for the Matin. The edition of Nantes appears until the 18, then disappears in front of the Germans. Nantes being threatened dice the 11, the direction went directly towards Clermont-Ferrand. There, an edition appears from June 10th to 17th. It is installed in the buildings of the Moniteur , which belong to Pierre Laval. The 17, the drafting receives Kessel, then correspondent war, which speaks about armistice. Pierre Laval, who does not make party of the government yet, calls his friend the mayor of Bordeaux and confirms. The drafting accompanied by Pierre Laval leaves for Bordeaux.

With the news of the armistice, some want to cease the activity, others to resist, or to collaborate. Laval prepares there the fall of Paul Reynaud, and the armistice. June 19th, the negotiations of armistice start, and Bordeaux is bombarded. June 25th, is declared the armistice. The 29, Bordeaux is occupied, Paris-Evening , where what it remains about it, share towards the free zone. The principal drafting goes to Lyon, and in Marseilles and Toulouse are published two editions. July 12th, Prouvost joined Lyon, and ensures the direction of the newspaper: a daily newspaper and two weekly magazines, Seven Days and Marie-Claire .

Publication of Paris

The Nazis, installed in the capital, very quickly will requisition the classified newspaper of “public interest”, for obvious reasons of pulling (they is largest at the time). One dispatches lieutenant Weber, French-speaking German, married to a Frenchwoman. It will direct the French press. It enters the Parisian building of the drafting street of Louvre, and finds only a Alsatian Liftier, named Schiesslé. This one is at once named managing director, and sees his tripled pay, to justify spoliation. Paris-Evening appears as of on June 22nd, with writers engaged with goes-quickly. A little later, the writers Georges Claude, Pierre Hamp, Henri Cochet write articles, before realizing that the newspaper is not any more what it was.

The Propaganda Staffel indeed provides official statements of (dice) information. The definition of the newspaper is: “Alive newspaper of information realized by a team 100% Frenchwoman”. But, pulling drops unrelentingly in front of the opinions posted pro-allemandes, of 970.000 in November 1940, to 300.000 in 1942.

One of the problems was that of legality, vis-a-vis an always alive drafting in Lyon. One then reveals security company S.A.P.E.M, of the same name as that in free zone, with the name of Jean Prouvost, to accentuate the illusion. One does not cease forcing the second to amalgamate with the first.

The Paris-Lyon confrontation

Dice 1940, of the administrators, the director, Jean Prouvost, protest against spoliation. In Paris, after the Schiesslé director, follow one another a printer, then the son of an opportunist city council man. A building escapes the occupation, the House of Marie-Claire. The administrator present undertakes to inform the Lyons drafting, and quickly becomes a turntable of resistance, with a liaison officer, information for the maquis. Passages in Switzerland and Spain are organized. The network follows the organization of the newspaper, which radiates with Lyon. In February 1941, the administrator of the Parisian SAPEM tries to take possession of the room. It is answered him that will not be possible that by the force, the attempt does not go further. More subtly, one makes pay the Lyons SAPEM, by an old appeal with a company of edition. The two companies editor there are convened. The Lyoneses refuse to come, not to have to recognize de facto the rights of the Germans, and are constrained to pay 25 franc million. The tax authorities make then pressure for the payment of arrears, impossible thing with real spoliation. The Parisian company proposes at once to pay those, in exchange of the recognition of its rights. The Lyoneses refuse, and pay again.

Censure in free zone

In addition to this confrontation, the Paris-Evening Lyons must compose with the life in free zone. At the beginning of the war, freedom of the press is still respected there. Paris-Evening can still titrate on the Anglo-American interviews. Jean Prouvost posts his will to make known the truth, to remain to counter the German Paris-Evening , and to make live the collaborators. In February 1941, Paul Marion becomes assistant secretary with the presidency of the Conseil for Information, then in August 1941, general secretary of Information, to finish Secretary of State to Information in April 1942. It is a former militant communist, accustomed censure and propaganda, a declared fascist. He directs the French press of 1941 to 1944, gives him directives , punishes it if necessary. Paris-Evening answers by the “war of the titles”: one increases the titles of sporting information as much as possible, with the detriment of the official informations. In the same way certain texts emanating of the government are camouflaged. The tensions and conflicts are numerous. November 11th, 1942, the drafting learns that the Germans enter in free zone. A wall cupboard is distributed, announcing the scuttling of Paris-Evening . Pierre Laval minister of Vichy, furious in front of this insubordination to the censure, then requires the publication of the newspaper, or the deportation of the 300 employees. The newspaper reappears then, to avoid the recovery by a Vichy-native team, with for objective being made prohibit as soon as possible.

Resistance

The war of the titles is then exacerbated, those passing from simple to the quadruple according to information, and pulling is sometimes lowered spectacularly at the time of bad news for the Allies. May 25th 1943, Vichy reacts. It orders with the drafting enlarged titles. But Paris-Evening heading and starts again dice the following day, then is made prohibit. To protect the title, a confidential edition is assembled to Toulouse. The drafting is with unemployment, but will seek to be made hear.

It will work discreetly with local newspapers, by preparing special editions, favorable to the Allies, produced in the Résistance. Moreover, the direction protects all its employees against STO, by sending them in the maquis, in Spain, or Suisse. One produces documents of propaganda, with the assistance of Henri Lumière. The cars of Paris-Evening supply the maquis, in clothing, information. In April 1944, Seven Days is scuttled.

Release

As of the first news of the combined unloading, the drafting returns clandestinely towards Paris. In July 1944, all the direction is present. August 1st ceases any publication. Jean Prouvost escapes a catch from hostage. Before the end of the engagements in Paris, on August 20th, of the resistant journalists accompanied by French Forces of the interior occupy the building of Paris-Evening , provided with indents. At once, of the pro-resistant newspapers appear: Popular the , Franc-tireur , Combat , the Parisian one Released … the building of Paris-Evening is occupied by This Evening , Libération and Front National . The direction of the newspaper owner is drawn aside, and its leaders are stopped by the FFI. In Lyon, the drafting wants to be the first free newspaper to appear, but ftp invade the buildings to make appear to the Patriot . Jean Prouvost hides to avoid the arrest. The files of Paris-Evening , assembled to Paris, succeed in being saved. This ultimate spoliation marks the end of the large newspaper of the Entre-deux-guerres.

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