Pardoned jiu-jitsu

The Pardoned jiu-jitsu , or principal school of the Brazilian jiu-jitsu , is a Martial art Brésil IEN derived from the judo and imported by Mitsuyo Maéda (1879 - 1941) and developed by the Famille Pardoned. It is a young martial art and in permanent evolution. Although little mediatized in Europe, it is famous in Brazil, the United States and Japan. the Brazilian jiu-jitsu is a fight on the ground practitioner with or without Kimono. Each technique of finalization ends either in a throttling or by a Luxation (nape of the neck, shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, ankle) and without articular torsion.

History

Mitsuyo Maéda, born with the Japan in 1879, practiced initially the Ju-jitsu of the Tenshin-shinyo-ryu school in 1896, before entering in Kodokan (school of Judo of Jigoro Kano created in 1882) in 1897. In 1904, then 4^e daN of judo, it left to the the United States, with Tsunéjiro Tomita, to make the demonstration of this new discipline by facing fighters. It accomplished a first stay in Brazil in 1907, then in 1914 (with Belem), and took part in the establishment of the Japanese colony in Brazil in 1920. During these stays in Brazil, it took part in combat of all-in wrestling (Vale-tudo) to show the superiority of the Kodokan (school of judo founded by Jigoro Kano) and to gain a little money. It was then called “Koma Cop”. During this period, it was helped by Gastao Gracie, descendant of a Scottish family. In thanks, he taught the art of the combat in his son, Carlos Gracie, which taught it in its turn with his/her brothers, Oswaldo, Gastao Jr, George Jr (Gastao and Cesalina Gracie had eight wire). Become leader of the Pardoned clan, the young Carlos pupil who was attracted by the real combat quickly modified the techniques learned by the count Koma to adapt it to Brazilian reality. Carlos Gracie started to also test itself his techniques while launching him of the challenges. Carlos Gracie had the reputation to fight no matter whom, without reference of size or weight. He remained unconquered and became a legend in Brazil.

Helio Pardoned was another brother of Carlos, but the doctor had disadvised to him practicing, because of its fragile health and it was thus satisfied to look at and listen to the teaching of his brother. At the 16 years age, it replaced Carlos at the time of a course, while making use of what it had memorized. It began the practice of the ju-jitsu thus, but reconsidered the traditional ju-jitsu with the Brazilian spirit and adapted the movement to its own aspect, being of small gauge (1m60, 64kg). It thus created an own martial art, which remains young compared to its Japanese ancestor. A first attempt to impose this martial art vis-a-vis the Japanese school failed thus in 1951, with the defeat of Photogravure Pardoned vis-a-vis the champion of Japan de Judo, Masahiko Kimura. This one repeated 8 years later while coming to end from Santana, champion of Pardoned Jiu-jitsu (1 victory and 1 no one).

Today, of the Academies of Brazilian jiu-jitsu were created a little everywhere, each Gracie family member directing his own academy (or almost), even if the number of practitioners remains restricted in Europe.

Technique

Contrary in the majority of martial arts, which privilege the combat upright, feet and fists, the Brazilian Ju-jitsu is focused on the combat on the ground, field extremely technical and where the gauge plays less. The experiment shows moreover that the brawls of street between two adversaries often finish on the ground.

That proves all the more right if one of the two adversaries made the choice fight on the ground. Indeed, one can often force an adversary to go on the ground, whereas on the other hand one can never oblige the other to fight upright.

Consequently, the victory in a free combat between two adversaries generally passes by a control of the techniques of combat on the ground. It results from it a place definitely less important left as regards projections or techniques from striking of the Brazilian jiu-jitsu compared to other martial arts.

Thus many jiu-jitsukas faces at the time of free combat, the fighters, the boxers or the karate experts within the framework of international competitions such as the Pride or the Ultimate Fighting Championship), and is essential like frightening combatants. Even if the jiu-jitsukas are made bring on the ground, and find themselves to fight back on the ground, it acts of a position (called in the guard) interesting in pure Brazilian jiu-jitsu which it is necessary to know to control in free combat.

Just like with the Sambo, the practitioners of the Brazilian jiu-jitsu practice the combat on the total ground. They have at their disposal a whole arsenal of Clé S of arm (shoulder, Coude, Poignet), keys of Jambe (Genou, ankle, foot), of keys of Cou, and of throttling S. the Brazilian jiu-jitsu represents a specialization of the combat on the ground, with the redécouverte of new characteristic positions like the guard (where back on the ground, one encloses the size of the adversary between its legs), which makes it possible to be protected from the techniques of tender, while being able of in to deliver.

The Brazilian jiu-jitsu and its application in vale-tudo (free Portuguese combat) appeared particularly effective during creation in 1993 of the Ultimate Fighting Championships or UFC which transfer the victory of Royce Gracie, or Rickson Gracie considered by some as the best combatant than the ground carried, because unconquered in addition to 400 engagements without rules according to the legend.

Belts

Children (15 years and less)

Adults (16 years and more)

Attribution of the points

Passage de keeps: 3 points

Criteria of attribution of the points:

the combatant passed the legs,
the back of the adversary is turned towards the ground,
the combatant marks control without leaving of space between the two bodies during at least three seconds before changing position,
the adversary does not maintain the arm of the attacker in control of the type “keeps open”.

The points are not allotted if:

the attacker must unceasingly move its body and to adapt to control the adversary, without succeeding in stabilizing three seconds the position,
the adversary passes by again with four legs,
if the adversary includes immediately in the guard or half-guard,

In these cases, the attacker marks “advantage”.

Note:

the passage of half-guard is regarded as a passage of guard: 3 points
If a combatant is included in the half-guard and brings out his leg, it entered a new passage of guard.
the passage of the guard to the half-guard is counted “favors” if the attacker has the basin plated against its adversary (if the adversary manages to maintain distance and to remainder on the side, it does not have there an advantage)

Projections: 2 points

Criteria of attribution of the points:

projection is clear (most of the back of the adversary touches the ground) even if the attacker remains upright
projection is not clear (adversary falling on the side) but the attacker controls the position of arrival on the ground

The points are not allotted if:

the adversary arrives on the buttocks or the side and passes immediately to four legs

In this case, the attacker marks “advantage”

Note:

If the two knees of the adversary are on the ground when the attack starts, it cannot be marked which “favors”. If one of the two knees is raised, it is marked two points.

Inversions: 2 points

It is about a started technique of a lower position which brings the attacker to a higher position.

Criteria of attribution of the points:

the adversary was with the top of the attacker at the beginning of the technique
the adversary arrives on the side, the buttocks or the back
the attacker controls the position of arrival

The points are not allotted if:

the attacker begins the action with the top of the adversary (the reversals standard “Judo” when the adversary is with four legs)
the adversary is reversed but returns immediately in the guard

In these two cases, the attacker marks “advantage”.

Note:

the inversions can be carried out since the guard or the half-guard.
the two points are marked even if the attacker arrives in the half-guard of the adversary
the exits of controls (cross, assembled…) are not inversions and give neither points, nor advantages
If, during the attempt at inversion, the attacker is found in control in the back of the adversary with four legs, it marks 2 points

The passage in assembled position: 4 points

Criteria of attribution of the points:

the attacker is turned towards the face of the adversary (not of points for reversed rise)
the position must be maintained 3 seconds
the adversary can be flat back, on the side or on the belly
at least one of the two knees of the attacker must be on the ground
an arm of the adversary perhaps taken under the legs but not both

The points are not allotted if:

a foot of the attacker is always taken between the legs of the adversary

Note:

passage of guard + gone up = 3+4 points

The knee on stomach: 2 points

Criteria of attribution of the points:

the knee on the side of the legs of the adversary is on its abdomen

The points are not allotted if:

the knee on the side of the head of the adversary is on the ground

Passage in the back: 4 points

Criteria of attribution of the points:

the position is stabilized 3 seconds
the two hooks passed to the hips
an arm of the adversary perhaps taken under the legs but not both

The points are not allotted if:

the body of the adversary is surrounded by the legs in triangle
only one hook passed

Note:

the points are granted that the adversary is with four legs, belly in the air or belly towards the ground.

Typical locations

To take in the guard since the position upright: - It is necessary to hold the kimono of the adversary (handle, reverse, pants…) if not, it is entered like a “moderate fault”. - If the adversary holds the pants and raises the leg of that which asseoit, it marks 2 points.

Largest candidates of Pardoned Jiu Jitsu, according to Pardoned magazine

Pardoned magazine with elected official, before the BJJ World Championship of 2004, after survey near many personalities of the world of the JJB, the largest candidates of JJB of all time. One differentiated for that several periods.

Since the beginning of the 20th century until the Seventies, alphabetically: Count Koma, Carlos Gracie, Photogravure Pardoned and Pardoned Carlson.

the best of the the Seventies : Pardoned Rolls.

the best of the the Eighties : Pardoned Rickson.

the best of the the Nineties : Pardoned Royler.

the best of the years 2000 to 2005 : Marcio “EP of Pano” Cruz, Fernando Augusto “Terere”, Saulo Ribeiro, Fernando Big shots “Margarida”, Leonardo Vieira, Ronaldo Souza “Jacare”, Fredson Paixao, Marcelo Garcia, Marcio Feitosa, Rodrigo “Comprido” Medeiros.

One could also quote champions like Roberto Traven or Fabio Gurgel.

In better hope for the decade 2000-2010 are named: Pardoned Roger, Ronaldo Jacare, Marcelo Garcia, Andre Galvao, Fabricio Werdum, Eduardo Pessoa, Fredson Paixao, Rani Yarhya and Robert Drysdale. One could also quote Leonardo Vieira.

The World champions girdles black 2005

CBJJ Mundials

Results of the Campeonato Mundial of the Confederação Brasileira de Jiu-Jitsu 2005:

Openweight: Ronaldo “Jacare” Souza
+97kg: Francisco Fernandes
-97kg: Pardoned Roger
-91kg: Robert Drysdale
-85kg: Ronaldo “Jacare” Souza
-79kg: Andre Galvao
-73kg: Celso Vinicius
-67kg: Fredson Paixão
-61kg: Bibiano Fernandes
-55kg: Samuel Braga

CBJJO Copa C Mundo

Results of the World Black Belt of the Confederação Brasileira de Jiu Jitsu Olimpico 2006:

Openweight (- 75kg): Rodrigo Antonio
Openweight (+75kg): Alexandre Ribeiro
+97kg: Leonardo Leite
-97kg: Alexandre Ribeiro
-91kg: Robert Drysdale
-85kg: Demian Maia
-79kg: Gustavo Campos
-73kg: Leonardo Santos
-67kg: Rubens Charles
-61kg: Ricardo Vieira
-55kg: Gabriel Moraes

See too

Martial arts
free Ju-jitsu
Combat

References

Random links: