Paraphylétique
In Systematic, a Taxon is known as Paraphylétique when it gathers an ancestral species and a part only of its descendants.
The group of the Reptile S in is a characteristic example: The Birds and the Crocodiliens are closer between them than others Sauropsides (Chéloniens, Squamates and Sphénodontiens); however the Crocodiliens just like belong to the “Reptiles” other Sauropsides quoted, but not the Birds.
A group paraphyletic is defined by the division of ancestral characters, whereas a group monophyletic is defined by the division of derived characters.
Sauropsides ├─ Chéloniens -------------------| │ | └─ Diapsides --------------------| ├─ Lépidosauriens -----------| │ ├─ Squamates -----------| “ Reptiles ” │ └─ Sphénodontiens ------| │ | └─ Archosauriens | ├─ Crocodiliens --------| └─ Bird X
The Amphibians, the fish, the invertebrates are also groups paraphyletic.
See too
- Polyphyletic Monophylétique
- Taxonomy
- Phylogenetic tree
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