Pallium

Origins

In the beginning, the pallium was a Greek Vêtement, omophorion , kind of coat runs in which one drapes oneself, closed by pin S. the pallium replaced with Rome the Toge as of the 1st century after J. - C., which, considered to be too cumbersome and too door, leaves the place to this imported clothing of Greece. It probably indicated moreover the statute of the person who carried it.

The opposition between the Toga and pallium is illustrated by the way in which one called the parts of Théâtre according to the Costume S carried by the actors. One distinguished in particular:

the confabulated palliata , which was the adaptation of a Greek Comédie or part in Greek costumes , and where the actors carried pallium and not the Toge,
the confabulated togata , or part in Roman costumes , which is played as of the middle of second century BC. In these parts, the characters and the decoration were Italic separately the structure which remained Greek. It was a Roman comedy with indigenous topic concerning the bottom of the social scale with Rome.

Modern form

The Roman pallium modern is a derivative of the Greek Omophorion , broad band of fabric carried by the orthodoxe bishop S and the catholic bishops of Eastern Rite.

The pallium such as we know it now consists of a circular fabric band, having three fingers the broad one, related around the shoulder S, with two hanging, one on the Poitrine and the other to the Dos, hanging usually decorated with fringes. These two hanging is maintained in place at their ends by two Plaque S of Plomb covered with black Soie. The pallium moreover is decorated of six cross of the same material and color, one on each appendix and four on the circular part. The crosses and the ends of the hanging parts of pallium were of color red during a whole part of the Moyen-âge. The neck is provided with ganses, generally three, in which passed from the pin S out of invaluable materials being useful, in addition to their decorative function, to fix pallium at the Chasuble.

It is woven of white Laine of Agneau X presented by the Religieuse S of the Couvent of Sainte Agnes, and is decorated of six cross of black Soie of pattée form , one on each during and four on the circular tape. Three pins of Or decorate it, in front and behind.

In 1978, Jean-Paul I {{er}} chooses not to receive the tiara, but that the imposition of pallium will mark the beginning of sound Pontificat. Its successors Jean-Paul II and Benoît XVI will imitate it. The day of its establishment, the April 24th 2005, the Pape Benoît XVI received a new pallium like signs its new authority. This pallium, designed by Stefano Zanella returned to its primitive form of scarf broader than traditional pallium but less than the omophorion, deployed on the shoulder S, and decorated Red Crosses including three transpierced by pins. It had been deposited beforehand symbolically on the tomb of Saint Pierre.

The significance of pallium is so strong that Benoît XVI removed its Armoiries the tiara as a sign of humility, and reveals pallium like single sign of pontifical dignity. This pallium Héraldique also carries Red Crosses. “the pallium, fabric in pure wool placed on my shoulders… can be regarded as an image of the yoke of Christ” , pronounced the Pape Benoît XVI at the time of his inaugural mass of the April 24th 2005.

Significance

Regarded as old the Clothing of the shepherds Anatolia NS, it is carried symbolically by the pastors of hearts. Woven with Laine of Agneau, it evokes the lamb Pascal and the lost sheep that the Good Pasteur pays to the fold on its shoulders. It is symbol of zeal and humility, but also of the pastoral authority exerted as a service which can go until the sacrifice, it is thus the symbol of the Pape, servant of the servants of God .

This rich person significance made that this Ornement very quickly symbolized more the high ranking of the sacerdotal ministry. In the Roman Catholic church, it can be carried only by the Pape or a bishop which holds this privilege of the pope, privilege who is reserved exclusively since the 9th century with the Archevêque S, with the primacy S, the patriarch S, the cardinal - senior and some very rare other bishops like that of the Puy, or formerly that of Autun.

Moreover, the pallium is carried only when the holder exerts his supreme sacerdotal function, at the time of a solemn Messe, ordinations, for the Bénédiction of a Abbé or an abbess, the dedication of a Vierge and the Dédicace of a church or a furnace bridge. The pallium goes then pinned over the chasuble. It is very significant to note that during the first centuries, Marie was represented covered pallium.

In the orthodoxe Church, it takes the name of Omophore and it is carried by all the bishop S.

Analogy enters the pallium and the stole

The stole, other vestment, is cut at the origin on the owner of the pallium archiépiscopal: it is put very right on the neck, the two ends falling down on the front of the paddle, but it neither white, neither is marked cross, nor inevitably of Laine, but is finished by fringes like pallium. Currently the pallium carried by the catholic archbishops does not comprise a fringe but the two black ends are rigidified by an internal lining. The stole still has with pallium this other analogy that, although it is only one narrow band of fabric, it bears the name of a ladies' garment which formerly had been very full, the stola , which as of the end of the 6th century was not any more long the Tunique Roman ladies , but only one species of anabole, a scarf which, head where it was posed, fell on the right, and from there was brought back on the left shoulder.

Appendices

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