Pallavicino

The Pallavicino were one of greatest and more former families of septentrional Italy of the Middle Ages and one of the most flourishing branches (with the Malaspina and the Maison of Este) of the very old line of the Obertenghi. They had capacities increased in the geographical surface ranging between Crémone, Parma and Plaisance, where it constituted a state called State Pallavicino which included/understood Busseto, Zibello, Cortemaggiore etc) and which profited from an independence until they were subjected to the Farnèse of Parma and Plaisance.

This family does not have any relation between relationship and the Pallavicini, old family génoise.

Origins of the house

Pallavicino belonged to the branch adalbertino of the line obertenga to which belonged also the marquis of Massa, Corsica, Parodi and Gavi. The ancestors of Pallavicino came from a minor branch of the family who had settled in the valley padane between Crémone and Plaisance. From a marquis Oberto, alive towards 1100, come as well Pallavicino as the antique still existing crémonèse family from the Cavalcabò. It was the son of Oberto, the marquis Oberto, to take the nickname of Pelavicino , nickname mocker certainly in reference to his rapacity. Its heirs inherited this nickname becoming thus the surname in her Pallavicino form. Oberto obtained from the emperor Frederic Barberousse the confirmation of the strongholds in heritage in the plain around Arda, the antique county of Aucia and future State Pallavicino. Its Guglielmo grandson, died in 1217, was at the origin of all the important lines of the family resulting from the small wire Oberto, Manfredo and Pelavicino.

Pallavicino de Scipione

Manfredo and its descendants had the title of Marquis of Scipione , today hamlet of Salsomaggiore Terme, which formed part of the marquisat then. Its descendants generally of the party gibelin had important public offices (mayor, captain, governor) in the largest communes, and it bound to the Sforza Milan from which they accepted (with the marquis Pietro in 1450) the confirmation of the strongholds. From three wire of Pietro (Giovanni, Nicolò E Ludovico) go down lines as many: that of Giovanni died out quickly, remains a natural descent with Pavia, lord of Marcignago and Giovenzano (today hamlet of Vellezzo Bellini), extinct in 1738; that of Nicolò died out in 1613 with the marquis Orazio who in 1568 had sold his share of Scipione and Salsomaggiore to the duke of Parma; That of Ludovico lasted husqu' with 1776.

Pallavicino de Pellegrino

Pelavicino, wire of Guglielmo, had the marquisat Pellegrino Parmense. Its descendants were confirmed in their stronghold by the Visconti dukes of Milan, but in 1428 the two cousins Manfredo and Antonio, shown to have conspired, were expropriés their strongholds. Their descendants lived under modest conditions in the area of Parma before dying out in 1795.

Oberto Pelavicino and its descendants

Most famous of wire of Guglielmo was Oberto Pelavicino, in favor of the emperor Frederic II and thereafter recognized chief of the party gibelin of the valley padane. He was lord of Crémone, Pavia, Plaisance, imperial vicar, general captain of Milan. Its fortune declined with the arrival in Italy of Charles of Anjou, the defeat of Conradin de Hohenstaufen and the triumph of the party guelfe. They remained to him only the inherited goods which passed to the son Manfredino and whose wire Oberto and Donnino in 1348 shared the strongholds. Oberto in particular obtained Busseto, place chief of the State Pallavicino; Oberto carried out a solid alliance with the Visconti of Milan. Oberto, via Nicolò (faithful combined Jean Galéas Visconti) united with Orlando it Magnifico , which gave to the State Pallavicino the statutes which allowed the operation of the state during three centuries. He was the last marquis under whom the State maintained his unit. Oberto, in 1453 divided it between his/her many sons from where the origin of the lines of Varano, Tabiano, Cortemaggiore, Busseto, Polesine and Zibello. Before dealing with those, let us recall that from Donnino go down the marquis de Ravarano (hamlet of Calestano in the Apennines Parmesan); those, being divided into several lines died out before the 18th century, a line will perdura which acquired the stronghold of Stupinigi and moved in the Piedmont. This one had many loads near the court of Savoy, governor of Ceva, marquis of Frabosa Soprana and Frabosa Sottana, and it died out for its principal branch in 1816 whereas the branch junior by the marquis de Priola is still flourishing today.

Pallavicino de Varano

Nicolò , wire of Orlando the Splendid one was the founder of this branch, he was marquis of Varano de' Melegari, in Appenins Parmesan, its castle was constuit by his/her father, he had also Castelguelfo (Fontevivo) and other localities. They died out in 1782.

Pallavicino de Tabiano

Oberto , wire of Orlando the Splendid one was the founder of this branch, he was the marquis de Tabiano towards Salsomaggiore Terme. Its descent died out at the 18th century.

Pallavicino de Cortemaggiore

Gianluigi , wire of Orlando the Splendid one was the founder of this branch; he accepted important the marquisat Cortemaggiore with Busseto and his/her son Orlando he Gobbo added Fiorenzuola d' Arda. Its descent died out as of the 16th century. Sforza Pallavicino, requiring for heir to part of Busseto his/her relative Alessandro Pallavicino of Zibello, was at the origin of a disastrous litigation with the branch of Busseto.

Pallavicino de Polesine

Gianmanfredo , wire of Orlando the Splendid one was the founder of this branch, he obtained the marquisat Polesine Parmense. Its descent died out at the 18th century.

Pallavicino de Busseto

The most famous line of the house began with Pallavicino , wire of Orlando it Magnifico; to the marquisat of Busseto, his/her son Galeazzo I added Fidenza, Felino, Torrechiara. Adalberto , wire naturalness of Galeazzo I, obtained from the emperor and the pope to succeed Busseto and Cortemaggiore (after the extension of the homonymous form). Like part of Busseto, as we saw had been left in heritage with the branch of Zibello, a litigation opposed Alessandro di Zibello and Galeazzo II , wire of Adalberto, from which the Farnèse profited, duke of Parma and Pleasure, to confiscate the State Pallavicino. Unnecessarily the son Galeazzo III obtained a favorable sentence of the imperial court: its descendants were sovereign State Pallavicino only of name. Its descent died out at the 19th century. De Sforza Pallavicino, wire of Galeazzo II, descended the Pallavicino Trivulzio , lords of San Fiorano, extinct in 1878 with the marquis Giorgio Guido Pallavicino Trivulzio, patriot of the Risorgimento.

Pallavicino de Zibello

Gianfrancesco , wire of Orlando the Splendid one was the founder of this branch; he accepted the marquisat Zibello. The litigation which opposed Alessandro de Zibello to his/her cousin Galeazzo II of Busseto had as a consequence which the house not only did not succeed Busseto but lost the imperial stronghold of Zibello to the advantage of Farnèse. Its descendants remained despite everything in the stronghold of Zibello (like vassal of the dukes of Parma) until the abolition of feudality. This line which was divided in many branch is still flourishing.

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