Palate of Quirinal

The palate of Quirinal which is on the hill of the Quirinal to Rome, is the official residence of the President of the Italian Republic and one of the symbols of the State Italy N.

Origins

In 1583, the pope Gregoire XIII begins the construction of a residence of summer, in a place considered as more salubrious than the the Vatican or the Lateran. This task is entrusted to the architect Ottaviano Mascarino. Work is completed in 1585, but the death of the pope the same year prevents Mascarino from launching a second project which envisaged the enlarging of the new residence to make large palaces of them. The building built by Mascarino is still recognizable today in the part northern of the main courtyard, characterized by a frontage with double loggia and overcome by a known panoramic tower under the name of torrino .

The building of Mascarino was set up on a ground which belonged to the family Carafa and rented with Luigi d' Este, to which it seems that the pope would have liked to leave the small palace. The pope Sixte V in 1587 thus makes repurchase the ground by the apostolic Chambre and intervenes at the conclusion of the sale to increase the residence by calling upon Domenico Fontana.

The pope Paul V entrusts work of enlarging to Flaminio Ponzio which carries out the wing giving on the garden, the room of Concistoire, today the Living room of the Festivals and the Cappella dell' Annunziata , decorated between 1609 and 1612 by Guido Reni with collaboration with Giovanni Lanfranco, Francesco Albani, Antonio Carracci and Tommaso Campana.

After the death of Ponzio in 1613, work of enlarging is continued by Carlo Maderno, author of the wing giving on the via del Quirinale , where it carries out the cappella Paolina , the pontifical apartments and the Sala Regia , known as today Corazzieri. This room is decorated by a painted plank, work of the painter Agostino Tassi, project executor and person in charge of the building site of the southern wall, while the three other walls are entrusted to Carlo Saraceni and Giovanni Lanfranco. Lo Spadarino, FRA Paolo Novelli (and according to Roberto Longhi: Marcantoni Bassetti, Pasquale Ottino and Alessandro Turchi, known as the Orbetto) also contribute to this company, in a less important way,

Gian Lorenzo Bernini under the pope Alexandre VII draws the building known as of the Manica Lunga , by carrying out the first part of 1657 with 1659. Construction is then continued between 1722 and 1724 by Alessandro Specchi for the pope Innocent XIII and is completed by Ferdinando Fuga between 1730 and 1732 for Clément XII. After the closing of Manica Lunga, Ferdinando Fuga modified the house of the count de Cantalmaggio, of the XVIIe century, by transforming it into Palazzina del Segretario delle Cifre , known today like the Palazzina del Fuga .

The living room of honor is dominated by a fresco of Melozzo da Forlì, a Christ in majesty , which made in the beginning left the apsidal decoration of the Chiesa dei S. Apostoli , also with Rome, that one even from which come the very famous Angeli musicanti from Melozzo, today preserved in the Musées of the Vatican. The fresco is located at the top of the first stage, on the wall on the side of the main courtyard, so as to be more visible when the palate is left that when one enters there: the required effect was to recall last once to the visitor on the departure which it had received the papal blessing, and thus made function of benevolent leave. A Latin plate, finally, fixed under the fresco, points out the main role of Melozzo from the point of view.

The gardens were designed by Maderno. The palate of Quirinal was the residence of the popes until in 1870, year when Rome was annexed to the Royaume of Italy; it then became the residence of the kings until in 1946.

The last pope who lived in Quirinal was Pie IX. He was visited by Pie XII in 1940.

The palate accommodates the offices and the apartments of the Head of the State, and on the wing along via XX Settembre (called Manica Lunga ), the apartments which were especially arranged, decorated and furnished to receive the monarchs and foreign Heads of State.

In the palate of Quirinal, are various collections, among which Tapisserie S, table X, Statue S, of the old men Carrosse S, the horologes, the pieces of furniture, the Porcelaine S.

Presidents of the republic and Quirinal

The first two presidents of the Italian republic, Of Nicola and Einaudi, did not live in Quirinal.

Gronchi was the first president who resided in the palate, imitated by his successors Segni, Saragat and Leone, all with their respective families.

Pertini and Cossiga on the contrary used Quirinale like office, but never remained there.

Scalfaro settled there in the middle of its mandate, imitated by its two successors, Ciampi and Napolitano.

External bonds

Sito del Quirinale (arte E luoghi)

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