Painting (matter)

See also: Painting

The Peinture is a composition Liquide, liquefiable or in Mastic, employed to protect, decorate or improve surface of an object by covering it of a pigmented Enduit. __TOC In the field Art istic, painting indicates the matter used by the artist-painters and which implements various materials (Pigment S out of powder, Gouache, oil, acrylic, Encre, etc) intended for the personal expression and the creation of works of art. The word Peinture even indicates also work creates with this Technique

See also: Painting

Used in interior decoration and for all kinds of objects of the daily life, the utility paintings are market products with the ray “do-it-yourself”, the specific products for artists being sold with the ray “Art schools”. Since the beginning of the 20th century, the Artistes tried out new ways and tend to break the standards and the taboos by introducing into their works materials of the Bricolage.

Painting as a material arises in general in liquid form, and is applied according to the use in one or more layers, with a Pinceau, a roller or by projection. Paintings can also be in pasty form and apply with a knife (small Truelle). In practice artistic or domestic, painting applies sometimes to the hand (parietal painting, contemporary art) but more often to the brush, the roller, the knife and even to the brush in certain contemporary artists who work flat on very large surfaces. Industrially, one uses also paintings out of powder, applied by electrostatic projection then cooked.

Composition

Painting comprises three components in general:
  • the Pigment, which gives the color and opacity (Ground of His, for example);
  • the Binder or medium, which binds the pigment and gives consistency and the transparency (linseed oil, resins, gum arabic…) ;
  • the Thinner or Solvent, which makes painting liquid and allows an easy application (spirits of turpentine); after application, the thinner evaporates and painting hardens (it is said that it dries).

Apart from the pigments and binders, one finds in painting various products which improve elasticity or resistance of painting.

One can also find the siccative ones (products improving drying). Moreover, one can recognize certain currents artistic with the choices of solvents and siccative (very dark in the North of Europe, very clearly in Italy).

Powder paintings do not have a solvent. The binder is often a product which is transformed into Polymère, painting forms a layer of plastic then; this polymerization can be done by the evaporation of solvent, or by exposure to heat (cooking in a furnace).

One often calls “without solvent” acrylic or vinyl paintings whose solvent is water. However, paintings not containing a solvent hydrocarbon (e.g.: White spirit) can also contain additives like ethers of Glycols being able them to harm the environment.

The first use of paintings undoubtedly had crowned, ritual, religious goals although the decorative element is present in the craft industry of the people first. By metonymy, the term “painting” also indicates the artistic discipline. With the appearance of the Photography and video the discipline evolves/moves and the terms visual art or visual Art tend to replace that of painting.

Types of painting

By technique

  • the Stencil key set
  • the complementarity of the colors
  • the composition
  • the transparency
  • Flat tint S: it is the application of a uniform field coloured
  • liquid: painting fluxed using medium or of water and which makes it possible to have dependant effects
  • brushing: one puts painting on a brush brushes, a rag and one rubs it on a support in order to lose part of painting, when one paints then, one will have an effect évanescent of the color.
  • Projections (splashing): Consist in projecting remote painting on the fabric like the Dripping
  • scraping/scarifications: consist in using an abrasive, cutting tool taking matter, medium and to update the sub-bases, even the support even, which can be thus even attacked, perforated.
  • irisations
  • to paint with “fresh” the
  • to paint with all its body
  • to paint with the knife

By tools

The painters use to extend the colors on different the Support S to paint special tools. These tools can be of industrial or manual production, also quite simply see the use of the fingers, the fabrics or any object which fall to them under the hand.

By support

Painting can be applied to a multitude of supports and objects.

One can also quote, in the artistic field, the numerical Peinture

See also: Support of painting

Material of painting

  • Medium S

  • Tools for painting
  • Support S

See too

Simple: Paint

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