PZT
PZT are a Matériau of the ferroelectric family of ceramics S which once polarized has good characteristics piezoelectric S.
The first PZT were elaborate since 1954. Ceramics PZT is employed in the field of the Micromanipulateur S of precise details such as those which are employed in adaptive Optique in Astronomie. There as well exist ceramics in mass forms (plate, cylinder or half-sphere dig), that in the form of thin film or freezing polymerized (used in MEMS).
The chemical formula of the PZT (Lead Titano-Zirconate) is Pb (Zr x, Ti 1-x) O 3. Its crystalline structure is of type Pérovskite. The Density of the PZT varies between 7500 and 7800 kg/m ³
According to the more or less important presence of Titanium (or Zirconium), the properties of the PZT (mechanical, coupling, dielectric, losses) change. However, for the value X =0.52, this family of Matériau X outclasses other traditional piezoelectric materials (Quartz, Langasite S…) by its piezoelectric properties. Nevertheless years 2000 saw the emergence of new materials to the ferroelectric properties extraordinary (an order of magnitude more piezoelectric than the PZT) than are the monocrystals ferroelectric of type Pérovskite S (PMN-PT, PZN-PT…).
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