Oxyurose
The oxyurose is a Parasitose due to a worm, the Enterobius vermicularis , commonly named “oxyure”. It is about a digestive bégnine and very frequent parasitosis, in particular in the child. It is about the most widespread parasitosis in France.
Vector
See also: Enterobius
The vector of the oxyurose is small a Nématode (towards round), the Enterobius vermicularis , which measures from 1 to 4 mm for the male and from 8 to 13 mm for the female. The latter has a long pointed posterior end.
The females migrate towards the anus (generally the night) and there deposit of 10 with: 20000 eggs. They also secrete an irritating substance which encourages the host to be scraped, transferring eggs on the fingers. When those are introduced (directly by contact fingers/stops or indirectly by contact with food), they hatch in the digestive system and arrive at maturity into 30 to 45 days.
The eggs, of a size of 50 µm approximately, are rather volatile and allow sometimes a contamination by air.
Parasitic cycle
The oxyure has a completely digestive parasitic cycle. This cycle starts with contaminated food ingestion, or the bearing of the fingers to the mouth, by eggs of oxyures directly infesting. The introduced eggs hatch in the stomach of the man, the larvae migrate towards the intestines to give the adults (area iléo-caecale), where takes place the sexuée reproduction. Two to four weeks later, the females start to emit eggs which are found then in the saddles. The laying takes place preferentially at fallen the night and the time to lay down it, which explains in particular symptomatology in the children. The eggs are car-embryonnés with the laying, which means that they are directly contaminant as of their emission. A car-réinfestation is thus possible, in particular at the children and the people whose hygiene (of the hands in particular) is limited.
Symptoms and clinical translation
The symptom most frequently met is the anal Prurit (in the language of the children, buttocks which scrapes ). This prurit sometimes an irritability joins, in particular the evening at the time of the laying of the eggs, which coincides with an important intensity of the prurit, as of the episodes Diarrhéique S. a nasal prurit is also sometimes associated, by bearing of the hands contaminated with the nasal area.
At the time of rare complicated forms, aberrant migrations of the adult worms can give place to a Appendicite or more rarely a Vulvite (infection of the vulva, especially in the little girl), there too for aberrant reasons of migration.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis is made by identification of eggs in the saddles, or more rarely during the emission of adult worms, noted by the entourage (small towards white). One also usually uses the test of Graham , more simply qualified Scotch tape test , which consists in seeking eggs on the anal margin by sticking a piece of adhesive tape to the accesses of the anus. One can then note the presence of eggs on the adhesive tape.
Treatment
The treatment in general associates all the family around the infected child (generally) being given the immediate contamination of lately emitted eggs. The molecule used classically is the flubendazole , of which it is necessary to renew the catch after 21 days, in order to eliminate possible eggs lately introduced right before the first catch. Disease prevention passes by a better hygiene, in particular a good washing of the hands to reduce the fecal danger.
Other molecules can be used: Pyrvinium, pyrantel, fluvermal,…
External reference
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Explanation of a pediatrist
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