Osorkon II
See also: Osorkon
Manéthon calls it Osorkon ; it is a Pharaon of, of -874 with -850, whose capital is with Tanis, in the North-East of the Delta of the Nile. It is one of the two dynasties of Libyan origin (Berber) (the other is, installed with Bubastis). The Libyan episode of the Egyptian history is complicated, as the fact testifies some that to five kinglets reigned simultaneously. He is the son of Takélot {{Ier}} and Kapes.
Osorkon has four wives whose Karoma {{II}} Meritmout, Djedmoutesânkh, and Isetemhebet and has seven or eight children of which Takélot {{II}} which succeeds to him and Nimlot {{II}}, Grand priest of Amon (-855 with -845).
Genealogy
Osorkon is returned to us celebrates in particular by the splendid statuette of Or and Lapis-lazuli, said “triad of Osorkon”, which is with the Musée of Louvre. It represents in the center the god Osiris squatted on a base-pillar; on its left, upright and carrying out hand a gesture of protection, Isis; other side and with the symmetrical gesture, their son Horus. An inscription comprises titulature of the king and the remarks of Osiris granting its benefits to him.
Titulature
Reign
Its reign is marked at the beginning by the recovery of the royal capacity, it indeed places its sons at the stations - keys of the country, but very quickly its zone of influence will be restricted. It makes restore the temple of Éléphantine by its grandson, viceroy of Kouch. It embellishes the temple of Bastet in its town of Bubastis and also undertakes work with Léontopolis, Memphis and Tanis.
The treaty of alliance with Byblos is threatened by the expansion of the kings of Assyrie Assur-Nasirpal {{II}} (-884 with -859) and his/her son Salmanazar {{III}} (-859 with -824) which extend their borders of the North of the Mésopotamie to the Means Euphrate until in Syria, at the Oronte and the coast of Amourrou. The kingdoms of Damas and Israel are combined to protect the Syria from the North of the new invaders.
In -853, Osorkon sending a quota of thousand Egyptian mercenaries to lend strong hand to this alliance and Benhadad, king of Syria in order to stop the Assyrian progression. The combat takes place in the valley of the Oronte close to the village of Karkar. This marks a new phase of the Egyptian foreign policy: that of a support to the kingdoms of Syro-Palestine.
Egypt, thanks to this alliance with the Hebrew and Syria, will resist to the Assyrian soldiers of Salmanazar. The kingdoms of Syro-Palestine will constitute from now on the last rampart which protects Egypt from the invasion Assyrie.
Vis-a-vis the pontiffs of Thèbes, who reject his legitimacy, Osorkon must show that he is the true sovereign. But it enacts a decree by which it recognizes at the town of Thèbes an autonomous statute of principality and accepts that his/her cousin Harsiesi {{Ier}} succeeds his father Sheshonq {{II}} in the load of Grand priest of Amon. This concession, which founds a hereditary precedent of transmission of loads, weakens the capacity of the king. Its decision will condemn Egypt to remain divided into two and starts the scission, because in -870, Harsiesi {{Ier}} proclaims king de Thèbes. As of the following generation, the heirs will dispute the capacity between different lines and several kings will reign at the same time.
Burial
Osorkon dies after a 24 years reign and is buried with Tanis in the royal necropolis where its tomb was found plundered by the mission Montet in the Années 1940.
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