Oskar Panizza is a German writer born the November 12th 1853 with Bad Kissingen in Bavaria and died close to Bayreuth the September 28th 1921.

Biography

Childhood

Oskar Panizza was born from a catholic father of Italian origin and from a downward mother huguenote of a French family.

His/her father was an impassioned and discharged personality. His/her mother, an energetic and voluntary woman. They had two girls and three wire, all high in the Catholic religion.

His/her father died whereas it was 2 years old. Before expiring, it gave to his wife the authorization to raise her children in the Protestant religion. After many difficulties, the king of Bavaria granted finally the exemption to him necessary.

Oskar Panizza was a child little endowed, folded up on itself, which learned how with difficulty to read.

Its family is heavily marked by heredity. One as of his/her uncle is death insane after fifteen years spent in an asylum. Another commits suicide with adolescence. An aunt dies of a stroke. Another is psychiquement abnormal, sometimes lucid, sometimes weak of spirit. His/her younger sister made two suicide attempts.

The doctor

Oskar Panizza finishes the college at the 24 years age. It turns then to medicine, passes its thesis in 1880 to 27 years, and obtains the right to exert. During its studies, it contracts a venereal disease.

It makes its military service, then goes to Paris, where it is plunged in the French dramatic literature - the French language was usually practiced within the family.

It returns to Munich in 1882 where he becomes doctor attending the lunatic asylum of High-Bavaria. It gives up this station in 1884 following health issues and disagreements with its chief. It is devoted then to the literature.

The poet and the writer

In 1885, it writes a collection of poetries entitled black Chansons . The same year, he studies English and the English literature. He leaves for England where he lived one year there while working in British Museum.

He accomplishes a short stay with Berlin with the autumn 1886 then returns to Munich.

In 1887 appear the London Chansons written during its stay in England.

In 1888 appear the poems entitled Legendäres und Fabelhaftes . He studies the language and the Italian literature. He travels to Italy on several occasions.

In 1889 appears a collection of tale of fantasies influenced by Edgar Allan Poe, the Dämmerungsstücke .

In 1890, it becomes acquainted with Mr. G. Conrad, the director of the review Gesellschaft where it will publish several scientific and literary articles.

In 1891, it gives an entitled conference Génie and madness which will be worth its first troubles with the authorities to him. The same year, it publishes an account entitled the crime of Tavistock Square which will be worth a complaint to him in front of the court for infringment with the moralities.

In 1892 appears the Journal of a dog , a tragi-humorous book.

In 1893 appears Visionen , a collection of news again in the spirit of Edgar Allan Poe, like the Jew operated , a new anti-semite.

The council of love

In 1894 appears the Immaculate Conception of the Popes , a theological lampoon intended to extend to the Pope the dogma of the Immaculate Conception proclaimed by Pie IX. This last work was seized by the police force and was prohibited on all the German territory. The same year appears a new test, the German Michel and the Roman Pope . This work was him also confiscated and prohibited.

In 1895, it publishes a play, the council of love, celestial tragedy , in which God, made furious by the dépravé behavior of the court of the Pope Alexandre Borgia, charges the Devil with punishing the humanity by where it fished by sending syphilis to him.

The part is confiscated, and the author is condemned to one year of prison. He purges his sorrow with the prison of Amberg, then share for Zurich, in Suisse.

The exile

In 1896, it takes leave of Munich in a writing entitled Adieu in Munich published in Switzerland. The booklet is seized and a warrant for arrest is launched against the author.

In 1897, it founds its own newspaper, Zürcher Diskussionen , in which it publishes many articles under varied pseudonyms. In 1898, it publishes a political satyr, Psychopatia Criminalis , and a historical drama, Néron .

It is during its stay in Switzerland that its mental health starts to worsen.

End 1898, Oskar Panizza is brutally expelled of Switzerland. The reasons of this expulsion are not clear. It is shown to have had sexual relationships with a prostitute of less than fifteen years, fore-mentioned Olga, who was used to him as model. What he denies in his autobiography. He moves then in Paris.

In 1899, it publishes a collection of poems entitled Parisjana , where, according to its own terms, " the author, adversary personal of the emperor Guillaume II, denounces there this last like the public enemy of humanity and the culture".

The madness

In 1901, shown crime of lese-majesty, all its goods having been seized, it is constrained to return to Munich and to go to the authorities. After several months of imprisonment and psychiatric examinations, a systematic paranoia is diagnosed. All the loads recognized against him are given up, and it is released. It goes back then to Paris.

The aggravation of its paranoia and the appearance of auditive hallucinations force it in 1904 to return to Munich. It tries to commit suicide this same year.

In 1905, it is allowed in an asylum of the surroundings of Bayreuth where it will pass the remainder of its days.

Oskar Panizza dies on September 28th, 1921. It is buried in an anonymous tomb with the cemetery municipal of Bayreuth.

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