Orphan

A orphan (of the Greek ορφανός) is a person (or Animal), who lost one or its two parents, often caused by the Mort. The definition of the American law is somebody deprived by “death, disappearance, abandonment, desertion, separation or loss, of the two parents”. The use common limiting this term to the Enfant S, (or with the young animals) which lost the two parents. On this basis the half-orphans are those with a surviving relative.

In certain animal species, where the father typically gives up the Mère and the young person, before or after its birth, the small one is then called an orphan when the mother dies independently of the state of the father.

Derived

    Orphan
  • from mother or father: having lost only one of his/her parents.
  • an abandoned naturalness, with which neither father nor mother was revealed.

Social treatment of the orphan children

Today, in the developed countries, the majority of the orphan children are placed in a structure of Adoption, who look after them, generally educate then are adopted by a permanent family as early as possible. In the past and still in a great part of the world, the orphans often live without habitat, they become Sans-abri S, the “street urchins”, or are maintained in old people's homes, orphanages, or from time to time of the Monastère S; the majority of the “modern” individuals estimate that it is an error, where, the minors receive care as well as possible insufficient, in the worst case dangerous. In particular, in the old people's homes where the children are often mixed with adults without hearth and of the mentally ills (sometimes dangerous) where the mental diseases are not treated.

In some nations confronted with the War and the AIDS, a significant proportion of the young person Population lost his/her parents, ex: Tanzania, Uganda or Botswana, causing a major Humanitarian crisis. In Popular republic of China, the girls are sometimes given up, explained by the policy of Natalité, creating a significant number the orphan ones.

According to studies, one often finds orphans suffering from problem of identity.

Charities helps some with the orphans

S.O.S Villages of Children is the largest nongovernmental worldwide organization, ONG, without religious vocation, of social assistance whose mission is to provide a stable hearth and affectionate families for the abandoned children or who lost their parents in the whole world.

Before the establishment of a care of state for the orphans in the Country developed S, much of organization of charities such as the hearths of the Dr. Barnardo (now called “Barnardo' S”) existed to take care of the orphans living in the Pauvreté.

Orphans in the literature

The characters of orphans are extremely common as literary characters, especially in the children's literature and the Fantastique. The absence of parents make it possible to the characters to have lives more interesting and more adventurous, by releasing them from the family obligations and their controls, and depriving them of more banal lives. That creates romantic characters reserved, introspective sometimes folded up on themselves, in search of affection. The orphans can métaphoriser the identity Quête through the search for their roots.

The parents can also be allies and sources of assistance for the children, and their disappearance constitutes a difficult test for the character. The parents, moreover, can be nonrelevant with the history which an author tries to develop, and their absence or disappearance releases the author of the need for depicting this relation; and, if the Relation parent-child is important, the removal of the other relative prevents from complicating the report/ratio necessary to its work. All these characteristics make orphans of the attractive characters for the authors.

Many orphans are also abandoned children, and much of them are “effective” orphans, and their research can include attempts to find their parents, or other parents. Even if the parents died, the abandoned child, as in Oliver Twist , can learn which they was.

Literature

Music

Extrait (6°c): Also my child if you must - To be orphan, hurries. - As long as to lose your dear parents, - Small, do not wait to be large: - The orphan of venerable age - Nobody feels sorry for it: bernic! - And for everyone it remains - Orphan eleventh hour.

Television

See too

  • Adoption
  • Orphanage
  • Monoparentalité
  • Owen and Mzee, an orphan hippopotamus and a tortoise which formed, following the tsunami of 2004, a single bond of friendship in the world,
  • the organization Orphelins without borders.

4 - To be child, reappear orphan: a site devoted to the orphan of father… of mother: http://perso.orange.fr/orphelin/

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