Ornithischia
The ornithischiens are one of both large orders of Dinosaure S. It was proposed by the professor Harry Govier Seeley (1839-1909) in 1883 and quickly adopted.
The differences between the ornithischiens and the Saurischien S, the other great group of dinosaurs, are mainly noted on the level of the basin. The ornithischiens, also called avipelviens , have a “basin of bird”, i.e. their pubis points towards the back parallel to the ischion. Other essential differences exist, in particular on the level of the brain-pan and the shape of the bones of the neck. A bone prédentaire in front of the jaw, allowing a displacement of the dental bones of the jaw lower.
All the dinosaurs are distributed between ornithischiens and Saurischien S. The ornithischiens all were Herbivore S. One divides them into three groups:
- the Ornithopode S: bipeds or biped-quadrupeds, which would evoke more appearance of a bird. Example: the Iguanodon.
- the Thyréophore S: rather primitive quadrupeds having thick members and osseous plates or prickles on the back. Examples: Stégosaure, Euoplocephalus
- the Marginocéphale S: had an osseous peak or shield with the back of cranium. Example: the Tricératops.
We currently classify Ornithischiens like such:
-->Ornithischia -->Genasauria --will >Tyreophora -->Eurypoda -->Stegosauria -->Stegosauroidea -->Huayangosauridae -->Stegosauridae -->Ankylosauromporpha -->Ankylosauria -->Ankylosauroidea -->Nodosauridae -->Polacanthidae -->Ankylosauridae -->Shamosaurinae -->Ankylosaurinae -->Neornithischia -->Heterodontosauridae -->Heterodontosaurinae -->Cerapoda -->Marginocephalia -->Pachycephalosauria -->Pachycephalosauridae -->Pachycephalosaurinae -->Pachycephalosaurini -->Ceratopsia -->Psittacosauridae -->Neoceratopsia -->Leptoceratopsidae -->Bagaceratopsidae -->Protoceratopsidae -->Ceratopsoidea -->Ceratopsidae -->Centrosaurinae -->Centrosaurini -->Pachyrhinosaurini -->Ceratopsinae -->Chasmosaurini -->Triceratopsini -->Ornithopoda -->Thescelosauridae -->Iguanodontia -->Rhabdodontidae -->Dryosauridae -->Ankylopollexia -->Camptosauridae -->Iguanodontoidea -->Iguanodontidae -->Hadrosauroidea -->Hadrosauridae -->Euhadrosauria -->Hadrosaurinae -->Saurolophini -->Edmontosaurini -->Maiasaurini -->Lambeosaurinae -->Parasaurolophini -->Lambeosaurini
Caption: the names in - has and - ia are those of the super-groups, those in - oidea those of the super-families, those in - dae are those of the families, those in - nae is those of the subfamilies and those in - ini are those of under-under families.
Taxonomy
The name of Ornithischia is derived from the Greek ornitheos (ορνιθειος) which means bird and of Ischion (ισχιον) , the bone of the basin (united hip). This term was created and published by Harry Govier Seeley in 1887. Ironically, the birds, which are, according to the the allowed theory, going down from the Saurischia (lizard with ischion) and not from the Ornithischia .
Simple: Ornithischia